食品安全领域行政处罚裁量基准研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 20:40

本文选题：食品安全　切入点：行政处罚　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：行政自由裁量权一直是行政法研究的核心,它一方面它弥补了法律的僵化,使得抽象的立法与具体的社会现实之间因为自由裁量权的存在得以彼此沟通,但是另一方面,行政机关随意滥用行政裁量权损害行政相对人正当权益的情况也非常之普遍。因而,如何保证行政裁量权正当行使是理论界研究的焦点。近十年来,通过裁量基准规制自由裁量权成为我国行政执法的亮点之一,而裁量基准制度在实践中的广泛应用也引起了学者们的关注,越来越多的学者开始关注裁量基准并对此予以探讨。但是鲜少有学者将该制度与具体领域相结合进行研究。然而一项制度最大的价值是能够与实践相契合,指导实践从而解决现实问题。故笔者将裁量基准与食品安全领域的行政处罚相结合,通过对我国食品安全领域相关问题的介绍以及通过食品行政处罚领域裁量基准制定现状的研究,指出实践中食品安全领域裁量基准存在的问题,并对此提出笔者的建议。本文涵盖六个方面的内容:第一章是文章的引言,概括介绍了研究裁量基准制度的背景与意义等问题。第二章主要介绍了裁量基准制度,包括其概念、性质以及理论基础。第三章以我国食品行政处罚领域的自由裁量权为研究对象,在介绍食品安全法律法规体系的基础上分析了食品安全行政处罚中自由裁量权的类型以及建立裁量基准制度的必要性。第四章主要分析了我国食品安全行政处罚领域裁量基准制定现状以及该领域现行裁量基准存在的主要问题。主要包括制定主体混乱、条文缺乏弹性等七大问题。第五章是全文的核心,论述了食品安全领域行政处罚裁量基准现存问题的解决途径,笔者主要提出通过理清制定主体、规范制定程序等路径解决食品安全领域行政处罚裁量基准的不足。第六章是对前五章的总结。本文通过对食品安全领域行政处罚裁量基准各项问题的分析,最终得出结论:食品安全领域行政处罚裁量基准的制定需要引入比例原则、处罚法定原则、过罚相当原则、平等原则;裁量基准的制定主体可以从横向与纵向两方面予以确定;基准的制定程序应当包含听取意见程序、公开程序以及反馈程序;基准的内容应当从基准的知识来源、制定技术以及内容构成三个方面予以严格的控制。
[Abstract]:Administrative discretion has always been the core of administrative law research. On the one hand, it makes up for the rigidity of law and makes the abstract legislation and concrete social reality communicate with each other because of the existence of discretion, but on the other hand, It is also very common for administrative organs to abuse administrative discretion at will to damage the legitimate rights and interests of administrative counterpart. Therefore, how to guarantee the proper exercise of administrative discretion is the focus of theoretical research. Through the regulation of discretion benchmark discretion has become one of the highlights of administrative law enforcement in China, and the wide application of discretion benchmark system in practice has attracted the attention of scholars. More and more scholars are beginning to pay attention to the discretion benchmark and discuss it. However, few scholars study the system in combination with specific fields. However, the greatest value of a system is that it can be compatible with practice. Therefore, the author combines the discretion standard with the administrative punishment in the field of food safety. Through the introduction of the related problems in the field of food safety in China and the research on the current situation of the establishment of the discretion standard in the field of food administrative punishment, the paper points out the problems existing in the practice of the discretion standard in the field of food safety. This article covers six aspects: the first chapter is the introduction of the article, which introduces the background and significance of the research on the discretionary benchmark system. The second chapter mainly introduces the discretionary benchmark system, including its concept. The third chapter focuses on the discretionary rights in the field of food administrative punishment in China. On the basis of introducing the system of food safety laws and regulations, this paper analyzes the types of discretion in food safety administrative punishment and the necessity of establishing the discretion benchmark system. Chapter 4th mainly analyzes the food safety administrative punishment in China. The current situation of the field discretion benchmark and the main problems existing in the field. Chapter 5th is the core of the full text. This paper discusses the existing ways of solving the existing problems of the administrative penalty discretion benchmark in the field of food safety. The author mainly proposes to clarify the main body of the formulation. Chapter 6th is a summary of the first five chapters. This paper analyzes the problems of administrative penalty discretion benchmark in the field of food safety. Finally, it is concluded that the formulation of the administrative penalty discretion standard in the field of food safety requires the introduction of the principle of proportionality, the principle of punishment law, the principle of excessive penalty equivalence, the principle of equality, and the determination of the subject of the standard of discretion from both horizontal and vertical aspects. The process of setting the benchmark should include the procedure of hearing opinions, the procedure of publicity and the procedure of feedback. The content of the benchmark should be strictly controlled from three aspects: the knowledge source of the benchmark, the technology of development and the composition of the content.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.1

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