环保NGO在环境公益诉讼中原告资格研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 13:54

本文选题：环保NGO　切入点：公益诉讼　出处：《东北林业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来以康菲漏油、湖南浏阳镉污染、紫金矿业铜酸水渗漏等为代表的一系列环境污染事故的发生,不仅造成严重的生态环境污染和破坏,也影响了当地人们的正常生活,甚至危害到了群众的生命、健康、财产安全,因此凸显出环境保护在当前的社会生活中的重要意义。环境保护应成为全社会的共识,光靠政府、企业的单薄力量是不够的,需要全体公众一起行动参与其中来维护环境公共利益。如此一来确立环境公益诉讼就显得尤为重要了。意大利罗马法学者彼得罗.彭梵得认为,“为维护公共利益而设置的罚金诉讼为民众诉讼,任何市民都有权提起它。”就提起公益诉讼方面,环保NGO与其他主体相比具有独特的优势地位,但目前尚存在着不足,如何解决这些不足并充分发挥自身优势,关系到环境公益诉讼的良性运转。目前,我国云南、贵州、江苏等地结合现实情况的需要,相继成立环境资源保护审判庭,但是这些环保法庭成立后,却遭遇了“门庭冷落”的境遇,究其根源还是由于我国缺乏完善的环境公益诉讼制度,而环境公益诉讼原告资格问题则是环境公益诉讼制度的关键问题,对其加以深入研究,从而构建完善的环境公益诉讼原告体系,有效保护人类共同的环境公益诉讼原告体系,有效保护人类共同的环境利益。鉴于此,本文试图通过对我国环保NGO在环境公益诉讼中的现实困境分析,并指出其存在的问题。为解决这一问题,分别借鉴了以美国为代表的英美法系、以德国为代表的大陆法系国家中对环保NGO的实践经验,并作了比较分析,以提出我国可借鉴的经验模式,形成较强可行性、适合我国国情的环保NGO的环境公益诉讼原告资格制度,改善我国环境公共利益遭受侵害或可能遭受侵害时,得不到及时、有效救济的状况,以发挥环保NGO的社会功能,解决我国环境问题,以实现我国社会主义生态文明,塑造美丽中国。
[Abstract]:In recent years, a series of environmental pollution accidents, such as ConocoPhillips oil spill, cadmium pollution in Liuyang, Hunan Province, and copper acid water leakage in Zijin mining industry, have occurred, which not only caused serious ecological pollution and damage, but also affected the normal life of local people. It even endangers the lives, health and property safety of the masses. Therefore, it highlights the importance of environmental protection in the current social life. Environmental protection should become the consensus of the whole society. It is not enough to rely solely on the weak power of the government and enterprises. All the public need to act together to protect the environmental public interest. So it is especially important to establish the environmental public interest litigation. According to Italian Roman law scholar Petrov Penfandt, "in order to protect the public interest," And the fine action set up is a public action. Any citizen has the right to file it. "in terms of public interest litigation, environmental protection NGO has a unique advantage status compared with other subjects, but there are still shortcomings, how to solve these deficiencies and give full play to its own advantages," he said. Related to the benign operation of environmental public interest litigation. At present, Yunnan, Guizhou, Jiangsu and other places in China have set up environmental and resource protection courts one after another in the light of the needs of the actual situation. However, after the establishment of these environmental protection courts, they have encountered a situation of "cold shoulder". The reason is the lack of perfect environmental public interest litigation system in our country, and the qualification of plaintiff in environmental public interest litigation is the key issue of environmental public interest litigation system. In order to build a perfect plaintiff system of environmental public interest litigation, effectively protect the common environmental public interest litigation plaintiff system, and effectively protect the common environmental interests of mankind. In view of this, this paper attempts to analyze the practical predicament of environmental protection NGO in environmental public interest litigation in China, and points out the existing problems. In order to solve this problem, the paper draws lessons from the Anglo-American legal system, which is represented by the United States, respectively. The practical experience of environmental protection NGO in civil law countries, represented by Germany, is compared and analyzed in order to put forward the experience model that can be used for reference in our country to form a strong feasibility. The environmental public interest litigation plaintiff qualification system of environmental protection NGO, which is suitable for our country's national conditions, can not get timely and effective relief when the environmental public interest is infringed or may be infringed, so as to give play to the social function of environmental protection NGO. To solve the environmental problems in order to realize our socialist ecological civilization and shape the beautiful China.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.6;D925.1

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