在我国有限开放代孕的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 14:43

本文选题：代孕　切入点：有限开放　出处：《宁夏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人工生殖技术的成熟,作为其衍生物之一的代孕逐渐走入人们的视野,一方面它能保障特殊群体的生育权,实现其为人父母的心愿,另一方面,也引发了一系列争议,使人类社会的发展面临严峻的考验。对于代孕,究竟是禁止还是开放?世界各国和地区基于其不同政治、经济、文化、社会背景做出了不同的选择,但总结其规律,发现各国和地区对代孕的立法态度并不是一成不变,而是随着人民思想观念、社会发展和政府态度的变化而变化。我国法律是明令禁止代孕的,但现实情况是,代孕不但没能被禁止,反而转为地下,形成了规模庞大的地下产业链,当事人的权益不但无法保障,在受到侵害时,也得不到救济。本文认为,一方面,无论从中国传统伦理道德观念还是维护家庭健全的角度考量,代孕都有其合法合理性;另一方面,通过借鉴其他国家和地区的经验发现,只堵不疏并不是长久之计,况且,一个制度在不能适应社会发展,满足社会正当需求的时候,做出调整是其必然的选择。本文认为,代孕不能“一刀切”的禁止,对于真正有需要的特殊群体、弱势群体,法律应考虑到其需要,对其有限制的开放,使其亲情得以寄托,血脉得以传承。我国应顺应社会的发展和需要,对代孕技术客观的看待、理性的引导、科学的使用,并结合国情,在伦理道德、法律原则、基本人权和社会接纳程度之间寻找一个平衡点,尽可能的发挥代孕的积极作用,为代孕这个涉及多方利益、多重争议的问题设计一套操作性强的法律规制,确保代孕技术的健康发展。
[Abstract]:With the maturity of artificial reproduction technology, surrogacy, as one of its derivatives, has gradually come into people's view. On the one hand, it can protect the reproductive rights of special groups and realize their desire to be parents. On the other hand, it has also triggered a series of disputes. The development of human society is faced with a severe test. For surrogacy, is it forbidden or open? Countries and regions in the world have made different choices on the basis of their different political, economic, cultural and social backgrounds. However, by summing up their laws, it is found that the legislative attitude of countries and regions towards surrogacy is not static, but with the people's ideas and ideas. Social development and changes in the attitude of the government. The law of our country explicitly prohibits surrogacy, but the reality is that surrogacy has not been banned, but turned underground, forming a huge underground industrial chain. Not only the rights and interests of the parties can not be protected, nor can they be remedied when they are infringed. On the one hand, the surrogacy has its legal rationality, whether from the point of view of Chinese traditional ethics or maintaining the integrity of the family; On the other hand, by learning from the experience of other countries and regions, we have found that it is not a long-term solution to only stop the problem. Moreover, when a system cannot adapt to social development and meet the legitimate needs of society, This article holds that surrogacy cannot be prohibited in a one-size-fits-all manner. For special groups and vulnerable groups in real need, the law should take into account their needs, have a limited opening to them, so that their family feelings can be entrusted. Our country should conform to the development and need of the society, treat surrogacy technology objectively, guide rationally, use scientifically, combine with national conditions, in ethics, law principle, To find a balance between basic human rights and social acceptance, to play a positive role in surrogacy as far as possible, and to design a set of operational legal regulations for surrogacy, which involves various interests and disputes. Ensure the healthy development of surrogate technology.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.16

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