论我国行政强制执行中对私权利的保护

发布时间：2018-04-06 23:38

本文选题：行政强制执行　切入点：私权利保护　出处：《延边大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：行政强制执行是指有或者由没有行政强制权的行政机关或者没有行政强制权的行政机关通过向人民法院申请,对拒不履行已经生效的行政决定的公民、法人或其他组织,通过行政强制执行,强制行政相对人履行义务或者通过其他方的式使行政相对人达到一种和实现行政目的一样的状态。行政强制执行在行政管理活动中起着重要的作用,它一定程度上保障着我国法律法规的具体实行,对于维护社会稳定,保障公共利益起着积极的推动作用,通过行政强制执行,针对违反行政法律或者不履行具有法律效力的行政决定的行政相对人给予一定的惩罚或者对权利进行一种限制,从而迫使行政相对人来履行已经生效的行政行为,但是在看到行政强制执行积极推动作用的同时我们还应该看到其不足与缺陷,行政强制执行中为了行政目的的实现往往会忽略行政相对人的合法利益,以牺牲行政相对人的正当权利为代价来实现行政目的,对行政相对人的权益造成不必要的伤害。那么怎样在行政目的实现和行政相对人权利不受侵害两个方面找到一个平衡点是各国行政强制制度研究的一个重点。我国目前已经认识到了行政强制执行中出现的对行政相对人私权利的一种侵害,在我国的行政强制执行中对行政相对人私权利保护的制度有行政复议,行政诉讼,执行回转和执行异议等等,可以说我国对于公民在行政强制执行中受到的侵害的保障制度还是相对健全的,但是其不论在理论上还是在实践中还是存在不足和局限性。我国对于行政强制执行的研究还是比较多的,但是对于相对人私权利的保护的研究相对来说就少了很多,本篇论文分为五个章节对行政强制执行中的私权利保护问题进行分析,明确了行政强制执行和公民私权利的内涵,以及二者之间的关系,并结合我国的实际国情分析目前行政强制执行在我国的现状并分析这些问题出现的原因,为后文提出可行性的建议做铺垫,运用比较分析法,分析介绍国外几个典型国家在行政强制执行中保护私权利的先进经验,对我国有借鉴意义行政强制执行中对私权利的侵害是现实存在的问题,能否在行政强制执行和公民私权利保护中找到一个利益平衡点,既能实现行政目的,同时不还侵害相对人的合法权益。行政目的固然要实现,但是行政目的实现的前提是不侵害公民的合法权益,以侵害公民的私权利为代价的行政目的的实现是错误的,我国是人民民主的国家,人民是国家的主人,行政机关是人民集中行使权力的机关,任何行政行为的实施目的都是为了公民的利益,所以如何在行政强制执行中更好的保护公民的合法权益才是问题的中心,在今后的发展中,要不断的完善相关的法律法规,更好的实现公民私权利的保护。
[Abstract]:Administrative enforcement means that an administrative organ with or without administrative coercive power or an administrative organ without administrative coercive power applies to a people's court to treat citizens, legal persons or other organizations who refuse to comply with an administrative decision that has already taken effect,Through administrative enforcement, the administrative counterpart is forced to perform his obligations or to make the administrative counterpart achieve the same state as to achieve the administrative purpose through the form of other parties.Administrative enforcement plays an important role in administrative activities. To a certain extent, it ensures the specific implementation of laws and regulations in our country, and plays an active role in promoting social stability and public interest.An administrative counterpart who violates an administrative law or fails to perform an administrative decision with legal effect is given a certain punishment or a restriction on his right, thus forcing the administrative counterpart to perform the administrative act that has already taken effect,However, when we see the positive role of administrative enforcement, we should also see its shortcomings and defects. The realization of administrative enforcement often ignores the legitimate interests of the administrative counterpart.To realize the administrative purpose at the expense of the legitimate rights of the administrative counterpart causes unnecessary harm to the rights and interests of the administrative counterpart.So how to find a balance between the realization of administrative purpose and the protection of administrative counterpart's rights is a key point in the study of administrative compulsory system in various countries.At present, our country has recognized the infringement of the private rights of the administrative counterpart in the administrative enforcement. In the administrative enforcement of our country, there is an administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation of the protection of the private rights of the administrative counterpart.It can be said that our country is relatively sound in terms of the protection system for the infringement of citizens in the administrative enforcement, but there are still shortcomings and limitations both in theory and in practice.There are still many researches on administrative enforcement in our country, but the research on the protection of private rights of relative persons is relatively less. This paper is divided into five chapters to analyze the protection of private rights in administrative enforcement.This paper clarifies the connotation of administrative enforcement and civil private rights, and the relationship between them, analyzes the current situation of administrative enforcement in our country and the reasons for these problems, in combination with the actual situation of our country.In this paper, some feasible suggestions are put forward, and the advanced experience of protecting private rights in several typical countries in foreign countries is analyzed and introduced by means of comparative analysis, which can be used as a reference for our country.The infringement of private rights in administrative enforcement is a real problem. Whether we can find a balance of interests between administrative enforcement and the protection of private rights of citizens can not only achieve the administrative purpose, but also not infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of the counterpart.Of course, the administrative purpose is to be realized, but the premise of the realization of the administrative purpose is that it does not infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, and the realization of the administrative purpose at the expense of infringing upon the private rights of citizens is wrong. Our country is a democratic country of the people.The people are the masters of the state, and the administrative organs are the organs where the people exercise their powers in a centralized manner. The purpose of any administrative act is to serve the interests of the citizens.Therefore, how to better protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens in the administrative enforcement is the center of the problem. In the future development, we should constantly improve the relevant laws and regulations, better realize the protection of citizens' private rights.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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