城市房屋征收补偿中权益抗争人过程转变研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 12:08

本文选题：房屋征收 + 钉子户　；参考：《江西师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国经济社会快速发展，城市建设不断扩展。由于土地面积的有限性，特别是优质土地资源的稀缺性，不可避免地征收城市个人和单位的房屋来获取城市发展的载体资源——建设用地。由于法律法规的缺失，程序的公正性不足，政府职能转变不到位，利益关系交错其中，有关研究偏少，缺乏有效理论的指导，沟通平台建设滞后，调节机制匮乏等原因，城市房屋征收补偿过程中常常伴随着激烈的矛盾。为快速推进征收进程，获取所需的土地资源，征收人想尽各种办法（包括强制停水停电、破窗、人身攻击、行政命令等违法违规手段）进行征收，为了维护自身人身和财产权益，被征收人则采取各种方式维权（包括越级上访、以身抗拆等非常规方式），利益的不一致性导致强拆悲剧时有发生。在人们看来，征收人由于本身就是政府部门或政府下属单位，手握较大的行政权利，在矛盾中一般都处于强势地位，而被征收人的平民属性导致其一般都处于劣势地位。尽管如此，在城市房屋征收补偿活动中，，征收人，甚至一些专家学者，却认为被征收人采取的种种抗争方式多数都是在无理取闹，认为被征收人是阻碍城市发展的“拦路人”，是不服从大局建设的“钉子户”。事实上，从被征收人做出抗争行为的缘由来看，城市房屋征收中被征收人作为弱势群体常常有维权诉求，他们通常是权益抗争人。权益抗争人与我们通常所了解的钉子户具有本质区别，二者在内涵、性质等方面存在重大差异。但二者又具有相关性，若权益抗争人的核心利益诉求没有得到及时的倾听和有效的解决，权益抗争人很有可能做出激烈的抗争行为，从而快速转变成钉子户。本文在分析权益抗争人内涵和性质的基础上，基于对其存在合法性和合理性的论证，深刻考察其转变过程。结果表明权益抗争人是动态发展的，他们会伴随征收补偿的进程在心理、思想和行为上发生相应的转变。如果不维权，被征收人的权益将得不到良好保障，如果维权过度就会出现钉子户或发生极端事件。因此，征收人应及时关注权益抗争人的这种过程转变，运用缓冲带原理，合理化解征收补偿中的矛盾，为和谐征收补偿创造条件。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's rapid economic and social development, urban construction continues to expand.Because of the limitation of land area, especially the scarcity of high-quality land resources, it is inevitable to expropriate the houses of urban individuals and units to obtain the carrier resources of urban development-construction land.Due to the lack of laws and regulations, the lack of fairness of procedures, the inadequate transformation of government functions, the interlacing of interest relations, the lack of relevant research, the lack of effective theoretical guidance, the lagging of the construction of communication platforms, the lack of adjustment mechanisms, and so on,Urban housing collection and compensation process is often accompanied by fierce contradictions.In order to speed up the expropriation process and obtain the required land resources, the expropriators have tried every means (including forced water outages, broken windows, personal attacks, administrative orders and other illegal means) to levy.In order to protect their personal and property rights and interests, the expropriated people take various ways to protect their rights (including leapfrogging petition, anti-demolition and other unconventional ways), the inconsistency of interests leads to the tragedy of forced demolition occurring from time to time.In the view of people, the expropriator is generally in a strong position in contradiction because he is a government department or a subordinate unit of the government, and the expropriated person is generally in a inferior position because of his civilian attribute.Nevertheless, in the urban housing expropriation and compensation activities, the expropriators, even some experts and scholars, think that the various protest methods adopted by the expropriated people are mostly unreasonable, and that the expropriated people are "roadblocks" who hinder the development of the cities.Is not convinced by the overall situation of the construction of the "nail households."In fact, according to the reasons of the expropriated people's protest behavior, the expropriated people, as the weak groups, often have rights protection demands in the urban housing expropriation, they are usually rights protestors.There are essential differences between rights protestors and nail households which we usually know, and there are significant differences in connotation and nature between them.However, there is a correlation between the two. If the core interests of the rights protestors are not listened to and effectively resolved in time, the rights and interests protestors are likely to make fierce protest behavior, and thus quickly change into nail households.Based on the analysis of the connotation and nature of the rights and interests protestors and the demonstration of the legitimacy and rationality of their existence, this paper makes a profound investigation of their transformation process.The results show that the rights and interests protestors are developing dynamically, and they will undergo corresponding changes in psychology, thought and behavior with the process of expropriation and compensation.If not, the rights and interests of the expropriated person will not be well protected, if the rights will be excessive, there will be a nail or extreme events.Therefore, the expropriator should pay attention to the process change of the rights and interests protestors in time, apply the principle of buffer zone, reasonably resolve the contradiction in the expropriation compensation, and create the conditions for the harmonious expropriation compensation.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F299.23;D922.3

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