农地经营权入股农民专业合作社的法律性质研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 08:56

本文选题：农地经营权 + 入股　；参考：《天津商业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：农地经营权入股农民专业合作社具体法律制度的设计前提和基础是对其法律性质进行准确地界定。对农地经营权入股农民专业合作社的法律性质进行深入研究,既有助于克服农地经营权入股农民专业合作社具体法律制度设计的立法迷失和制度缺陷,又可以为正确理解农民专业合作社的产权性质、农民专业合作社对入股土地所拥有的权利范畴做出规范性的指引。法律制度设计方面的研究不是一种纯法学的研究,它可能涉及到政治学、经济学乃至社会学中的方方面面。“三权分置”政策的意义在于:在最大限度保障农民土地权益的同时,使农地经营权实现真正意义上的独立,为农民专业合作社对农地实现更大范围内的流转和更高效的配置提供便利。本文以我国农地经营权入股农民专业合作社的法律性质为研究命题,关注点是:在我国“三权分置”的土地制度下,如何从法律机制上更好地保障农地经营权入股农民专业合作社,提高土地的利用效率和效益,推进农业供给侧改革,实现农民和农民专业合作社各方利益的最大化。本文的第一章,即前言部分,从我国农地经营权入股农民专业合作社的现实情况出发,指出:我国农民收入相对贫困的问题,归其根本,还应是土地权利问题。坦白地说,目前,我国法学界在“三权分置”的法律制度建构方面观念明显不足。缺乏具体法律规范调整的农地经营权入股农民专业合作社制度,不可避免地造成了相应实践操作的扭曲和变形。我们应充分尊重“三权分置”的政策意图,探讨农地经营权的法律性质,充分利用物权与债权理论,阐释农村土地的制度问题,促进相应法律制度的完善,进一步解放发展农村生产力。本文的第二章,分别从农地经营权、入股与农民专业合作社三个角度,对我国农地经营权入股专业合作社的立法现状进行总结梳理。指出在“三权分置”政策与法律不能相辅相成、互相促进时,农民、农民专业合作社、农地的流转,甚至农村农业社会的发展秩序会因此受到哪些影响。“三权分置”作为农村土地制度改革的一大创新,确实在法律上和经济社会发展过程中存在着其合理必要性和紧迫性。本文的第三章,通过对我国法学界有关农地经营权入股农民专业合作社法律性质的理论观点进行梳理和分析,发现有关农地经营权入股农民专业合作社法律性质的争议主要集中于农地经营权债权性流转说、农地经营权物权性流转说、农地经营权股权性流转说以及农地经营权出租说这四种。而经过进一步的对比分析研究发现,关于农地经营权入股农民专业合作社法律性质争议的焦点其实就是关于农地经营权的性质究竟是物权还是债权的问题。对此,笔者分别从法律性质的应然状态与实然状态进行了讨论。本文的第四章,先以第三章所作出的评析为前提,并辅之以比较法的视角,适当借鉴域外的部分立法和实践,从农地经营权的物权性维度探讨物权性流转的合理性和可行性。再从农民专业合作社的法律地位角度,在分析得出农民专业合作社是社团法人中特殊的企业法人的前提下,进一步指明农地经营权物权性流转的可行性。本文的第五章,在确定农地经营权入股农民专业合作社的法律性质是物权性流转的基础上,对农地经营权入股农民专业合作社从立法层面进行完善,具体包括:农地经营权入股农民专业合作社的实现前提,农地经营权入股农民专业合作社的实现条件以及农民与农民专业合作社对入股的农地经营权的收益分配。文中指出,物权性农地经营权的有效存在是农地经营权入股农民专业合作社的实现前提,我们应尽快建立健全农地经营权入股农民专业合作社的相关立法,通过完善农地经营权登记公示制度等配套改革制度设计实现农地经营权的有效流转,提高土地的利用效率和效益。文章的最后一部分,即结语部分,主要是在前述各章研究的基础上,对本文的主要观点进行简要概括和提炼,同时展示出本文的选题及研究意义。
[Abstract]:The premise and foundation of the design of the specific legal system of farmers' professional cooperatives is to define the legal nature of the farmers' professional cooperatives. The in-depth study of the legal nature of the agricultural land management rights to the farmers' professional cooperatives will not only help to overcome the legislation of the specific legal system of farmers' professional cooperatives. The study of the design of legal system is not a purely jurisprudential study. It may involve all aspects of politics, economics and sociology. The significance of the "three rights division" policy is to make the land management right in the true sense of independence while ensuring the land rights and interests of farmers to the maximum limit. It provides convenience for the farmers' professional cooperatives to realize a larger circulation and more efficient allocation of agricultural land. The legal nature is the research proposition, and the focus is: under the land system of "three rights division" in China, how to guarantee the farming land management right into the farmers' professional cooperatives from the legal mechanism, improve the efficiency and benefit of the land use, promote the agricultural supply side reform, and maximize the interests of the farmers and farmers' professional cooperatives. The first chapter, the preface, starting from the actual situation of the farmer's professional cooperatives in China's farmland management rights, points out that the problem of the relative poverty of the peasants' income in our country is the fundamental and the land rights problem. Frankly, at present, the legal system of our country is lacking in the construction of the legal system of "three rights division". The farmers' professional cooperative system, which is adjusted by the lack of specific legal norms, inevitably leads to the distortion and deformation of the corresponding practical operation. We should fully respect the policy intention of the "three rights division", explore the legal nature of the agricultural land management right, make full use of the theory of material rights and creditor's rights, and explain the system of rural land. To promote the perfection of the corresponding legal system and to further emancipate the rural productive forces. The second chapter of this paper, from the three angles of the agricultural land management right, the shares and the farmers' professional cooperatives, summarizes the legislative status of the agricultural land management right to share the professional cooperatives in our country. It points out that the "three rights division" policy can not be complementary to the law. When mutual promotion, farmers, farmers' professional cooperatives, rural land circulation, and even the rural agricultural social development order will be affected. "Three rights division" as a major innovation in the rural land system reform, indeed in the legal and economic and social development process in its rational necessity and urgency. The third chapter of this article, By combing and analyzing the theoretical views on the legal nature of farmers' professional cooperatives in the field of farmland management in China, it is found that the dispute about the legal nature of farmers' professional cooperatives is mainly concentrated on the theory of the creditor's right transfer of farmland management rights, the transfer of property rights of farmland management and the stock of agricultural land management. The right transfer theory and the renting of farmland management right are the four kinds. And after the further comparative analysis, it is found that the focus of the dispute about the legal nature of the farmer's professional cooperatives is actually the question about the property right or the creditor's right. The fourth chapter of this article is based on the evaluation and analysis made in the third chapter, and supplemented by the comparative law, and the appropriate reference to some of the legislation and practice outside the region, to discuss the rationality and feasibility of the property transfer from the property right dimension of the agricultural land management, and then from the legal status of the farmer's professional cooperative. On the premise of analyzing that the farmer's professional cooperative is a special enterprise legal person in the Corporation, the feasibility of the transfer of real right of farmland management is further indicated. In the fifth chapter, the legal nature of the farmer's professional cooperative is on the basis of the property right transfer. The professional co-operatives are perfected from the legislative level, including the realization of the realization of the farmers' professional cooperatives, the realization conditions of the farmers' professional cooperatives and the income distribution of farmers' and farmers' professional cooperatives to the farming land. We should establish and improve the relevant legislation of farmers' professional cooperatives as soon as possible, and improve the efficiency and efficiency of land utilization by improving the relevant reform system of agricultural land management right registration system and so on. The last part of the chapter, the conclusion part, is mainly based on the research of the foregoing chapters, briefly summarizing and refining the main views of this article, and showing the topic and the significance of the research.

【学位授予单位】：天津商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.32

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