我国地方政府规章后评估制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 11:06

本文选题：地方政府 + 规章后评估　；参考：《山西大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来,我国的法制越来越完善,对于行政立法的质量越来越重视,尤其是地方政府规章,它们数量多、涉及面广,直接与民众的生活发生着千丝万缕的联系,它们质量的高低对社会的稳定发展有着重大影响。虽然绝大部分地方政府规章在制定时是考虑周全的,是符合当时的客观要求的,但并不是通过严格的程序颁布后就一定能一直产生良好的效果,它们同样是需要与时俱进,随着实践的发展而变化的。本文就介绍了地方政府规章后评估制度,它是通过一定的程序和标准对已经实施一段时间的地方政府规章进行评估,并根据评估结果对该规章进行修改或废止,以达到完善地方政府规章质量的一项制度。我国许多省市虽已进行了一定的尝试,但还没有形成一个统一的制度。笔者在本文中介绍了自己对这个制度的认识和完善的建议,希望能够促进该制度的完善和发展。本文除引言和结语一共分为四部分：第一部分介绍了我国地方政府规章后评估制度的相关概念、特征、理论基础和必要性等基本理论,先从理论的部分入手,厘清其是什么及该制度的重要性,为该制度的构建和完善打好基础。第二部分介绍了我国关于这个制度的一些现状,包括各地的相关实践和存在的问题,比如主体单一、标准不统一和程序不规范,搞清楚我国现有的地方政府规章后评估制度的缺陷,从而可以进行针对性地修改。第三部分介绍了一些国外的行政立法后评估制度的情况,分别是美国、英国、德国和日本,简要说明了它们的形成、评估主体和评估标准等,希望可以取其精华,完善我们国家的制度。第四部分是对我国地方政府规章后评估制度进行完善的五个建议：一是建立包括制定者、实施者和专家等主体的多元化评估主体,这样可以吸取多方智慧,达到客观公正的效果；二是设计统一化评估标准,本文中主要设置了理论标准、实践标准、内容标准和形式标准,可以使评估更加全面；三是设置社会调查法、成本效益分析法和价值评价法等多样化评估方法,可以对评估对象进行多角度得评估；四是完善标准化评估程序,本文中主要介绍了程序的启动和实施,希望可以使评估程序更加规范；五是构建有效性回应机制,使评估结果得以有效利用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the legal system of our country has become more and more perfect, and more and more attention has been paid to the quality of administrative legislation, especially the local government regulations. Their quality has a significant impact on the stable development of society. Although most local government regulations are well considered when they are formulated and are in line with the objective requirements of the time, they do not necessarily produce good results after being promulgated through strict procedures. They also need to keep pace with the times. Changing with the development of practice. This paper introduces the post-evaluation system of local government regulations, which evaluates the local government regulations that have been in force for some time through certain procedures and standards, and modifies or repeals the local government regulations according to the evaluation results. In order to improve the quality of local government regulations a system. Although many provinces and cities in our country have made certain attempts, they have not yet formed a unified system. In this paper, the author introduces his own understanding of the system and suggestions for perfection, hoping to promote the improvement and development of the system. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts: the first part introduces the relevant concepts, characteristics, theoretical basis and necessity of the post-evaluation system of local government regulations. Clarify what it is and the importance of the system, and lay a good foundation for the construction and improvement of the system. The second part introduces some current situation of this system in our country, including relevant practice and existing problems in various places, such as single subject, inconsistent standard and non-standard procedure. In order to make clear the defects of the existing local government rules and regulations evaluation system, we can modify it pertinently. The third part introduces some foreign administrative and legislative post-evaluation systems, namely, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and Japan. It briefly describes their formation, evaluation subjects and evaluation criteria, hoping to take the best of them. Perfect the system of our country. The fourth part is the five suggestions to perfect the post-evaluation system of local government regulations: first, to establish a pluralistic evaluation body, including the makers, implementers and experts, so as to draw on the wisdom of many parties. To achieve objective and fair results; second, to design unified evaluation standards, in which theoretical standards, practical standards, content standards and formal standards can be set up to make the evaluation more comprehensive; and third, to set up a social investigation law. A variety of evaluation methods, such as cost-benefit analysis method and value evaluation method, can be used to evaluate the evaluation object from various angles. Fourthly, the standardized evaluation procedure is improved. In this paper, the startup and implementation of the procedure are mainly introduced. It is hoped that the evaluation procedure can be more standardized, and the fifth is to construct an effective response mechanism so that the evaluation results can be used effectively.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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