我国自然灾害行政给付制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 21:19

本文选题：自然灾害 + 行政给付　；参考：《山西财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国的自然灾害频发,导致了人民群众的生命健康和财产权利遭到重大损失,灾区的生产生活秩序遭到严重破坏。我国政府在抗灾救灾的工作中成绩显著,最大限度地保障了人民群众的权益,显示了我国大力建设服务型政府的信心和决心。自然灾害行政给付极大契合了我国服务型政府建设的精神,它是指在发生自然灾害时,政府为了保护公民的生存权、受益权等社会权利而依法向特定公民提供物质、安全、环境和精神保障的行为。但是,我国自然灾害给付的实践中仍然存在着一些不容忽视的现象和问题制约着救灾的效果,例如:立法上的欠缺、给付主体制度及程序的不完善、灾民司法救济渠道不畅等现实问题亟待解决,研究我国自然灾害行政给付将会对其规范、有效地在法治化轨道上运行起到促进作用。本文是在服务型政府的角度下展开研究的,强调国家的给付义务和公民的基本权利。首先界定了自然灾害行政给付的相关概念,指出了其相较于一般行政给付的特殊性和主要分类,研究了自然灾害行政给付的宪法理论基础:社会救助权和国家的给付义务。在分析了我国自然灾害行政给付制度的基础上,借鉴美国、日本两国的经验启示,指出了我国自然灾害行政给付的完善途径:明确其宪法上的依据,确立其应当遵循的法律原则,完善给付主体、程序和司法救济方面的内容。通过本文的研究,希望能够为推动我国自然灾害行政给付的进一步完善和发展贡献绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the frequent natural disasters in our country have caused great losses to the people's life, health and property rights, and seriously damaged the order of production and life in the disaster areas. The government of our country has made remarkable achievements in the work of disaster prevention and relief, has guaranteed the rights and interests of the people to the maximum extent, and has shown the confidence and determination of our country in building a service-oriented government. The administrative payment of natural disasters accords with the spirit of the construction of service-oriented government in our country. It means that in the event of natural disasters, the government, in order to protect the citizens' right to exist, benefit and other social rights, provides the specific citizens with material and safety according to law. The act of protecting the environment and the spirit. However, there are still some phenomena and problems that can not be ignored in the practice of natural disaster payment in our country, such as the deficiency of legislation, the imperfection of the system and procedure of payment. The current problems such as the lack of judicial relief channels for disaster victims need to be solved urgently. The study of administrative payment of natural disasters in our country will standardize it and effectively promote its operation on the track of rule of law. This paper focuses on the service-oriented government, emphasizing the state's obligation to pay and the citizens' basic rights. Firstly, this paper defines the related concepts of administrative payment of natural disasters, points out the particularity and main classification of administrative payment of natural disasters, and studies the constitutional theoretical basis of administrative payment of natural disasters: the right of social assistance and the obligation of the state. On the basis of analyzing the administrative payment system of natural disasters in China, and drawing lessons from the experience of the United States and Japan, this paper points out the perfect ways to improve the administrative payment of natural disasters in China. Establish the legal principles it should follow, perfect the content of payment subject, procedure and judicial relief. Through the research of this paper, we hope to contribute to the further improvement and development of natural disaster administrative payment in China.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1

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