环境行政执法监督机制研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 02:41

本文选题：环境行政权 + 环境执法　；参考：《兰州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在法律一部又一部出台的情况下,为何我国的环境问题非但没有得到抑制,反而却越演越烈呢?面对立法日趋完善的今天,我们深刻的意识到,是在治理环境时,执法出现了问题。改善环境行政执法,除了依靠执法者提高自身素质进而加强对自我的约束之外,更重要的是建立有效的外在制约机制,从外部建立行为模式框架以此来要求执法者依法执政,即建立环境行政执法监督机制。机制的建立,一靠制度,二靠体制,制度就是环境行政监督权的设置,体制是环境行政监督权的运行。本文围绕“制度——体制——机制”的研究思路,展开全文的论述。同时又将研究重点放在体制的研究,分别从不同的权力主体：国家权力机关、行政机关、司法机关、公民与社会团体等角度提出相应的问题以及解决的途径。文章的脉络大致如下：首先发现在环境行政执法中的问题,从制度的建设到体制的运行,都是存在各种各样的问题的,例如立法规定之间缺乏协调和配合、并且内容过于简单,中央与地方环保部门权力配置的随意性,不同的执法机构设置重复,机构间协调机制欠缺等,透过这些问题的表面现象再寻找深层次的原因。其次发现环境行政执法监督中的问题,监督权在制度规定上的便存在着操作性差的问题；在执行中,也存在着,环境行政执法监督随意性大,缺乏环境行政监督主体,环境执法监督体制分布上的不合理,缺乏责任制度规定的同时制裁力也不足。最后笔者将制度与体制相结合,提出了不同的意见,即从修改完善现有法律、法规、规章,国务院下发规范性文件,环境行政公益诉讼制度的构建,权力机关与行政机关内部的监督与问责,新闻媒体与公众的监督等方面展开论述。
[Abstract]:With the introduction of one law after another, why is it that the environmental problems in our country have not been restrained, but have become more and more serious? In the face of the increasingly perfect legislation today, we are deeply aware that it is in the governance of the environment, law enforcement problems. In order to improve environmental administrative law enforcement, in addition to relying on law enforcers to improve their own quality and strengthen their self-restraint, it is more important to establish an effective external restraint mechanism and to establish a framework of behavior patterns from the outside to require law enforcers to govern according to law. That is, the establishment of environmental administrative law enforcement supervision mechanism. The establishment of the mechanism depends on the system, which is the establishment of the environmental administrative supervision power and the operation of the environmental administrative supervision power. This paper focuses on the research ideas of system-Mechanism. At the same time, it focuses on the study of the system, and puts forward the corresponding problems and solutions from the different power subjects: the state power organ, the administrative organ, the judicial organ, the citizen and the social organization and so on. The context of the article is as follows: First of all, it is found that there are various problems in environmental administrative law enforcement, from the construction of the system to the operation of the system. For example, there is a lack of coordination and cooperation between the legislative provisions, and the content is too simple. The arbitrary allocation of power between central and local environmental protection departments, the duplication of different law enforcement agencies, the lack of coordination mechanism between agencies, and so on, seek the deep-seated causes through the superficial phenomena of these problems. Secondly, the problems in the supervision of environmental administrative law enforcement are found, and there is a problem of poor operation in the regulation of supervision power. In the implementation, there are also problems in the supervision of environmental administrative law enforcement, which is arbitrary and lacks the subject of environmental administrative supervision. The distribution of environmental law enforcement supervision system is unreasonable, and the punishment power is also insufficient when the responsibility system is lacking. Finally, the author combines the system with the system, puts forward different opinions, that is, from the modification and improvement of existing laws, regulations, the State Council issued normative documents, the construction of environmental administrative public interest litigation system, The internal supervision and accountability of power organs and administrative organs, the supervision of the news media and the public are discussed.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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