我国出入境边防检查执法中的问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 10:50

本文选题：出入境 + 边防检查　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：出入境边防检查是指边防检查机关依法对出入国境人员、交通运输工具及其携带的行李物品、财物实施检查、监督的一种行政管理活动。边防检查机关承担着国家对外开放口岸的出入境边防检查任务,系国家机关的重要组成部分,执行国家行政管理权。随着国际交往的日益频繁和我国“依法行政”的不断深入,边检行政执法工作的要求将越来越高,如何提高边防检查行政执法水平,适应全面推进依法行政新形势的需要,更好地服务国际交流和经济社会发展是当前边防检查机关所面临的一个迫切而崭新的问题。《中华人民共和国出境入境管理法》(以下简称《出境入境管理法》)于2012年6月30日通过,并于2013年7月1日起正式实施。该法整合了《出境入境边防检查条例》的有关内容,对出入境管理执法体制作了必要的调整和完善,具有很大的进步性。虽然新法通过,但在出入境边防检查执法过程中,仍然还存在着一些亟待解决的问题,从立法到执法,这些问题已日益凸显,并严重影响着边检执法工作的发展。这些问题主要表现为：《边防检查条例》部分内容仅为原则性规定,可操作性不强；边防检查执法主体单一、权限规定不明确不合理；有关行政处罚的规定弹性较大、处罚程序不清,处罚执行难；人权保障不足；边防检查执法队伍素质有待进一步提升等等。本文对出入境边防检查执法的基本概念和现行执法体制进行了梳理,概括了出入境边防检查执法中存在的突出问题,以国外的经验为镜鉴,对国外出入境边防检查执法体制的比较法考察。在对以上问题进行梳理的基础上,提出解决我国出入境边防执法问题的对策建议。
[Abstract]:Entry-exit frontier inspection is an administrative activity that the frontier inspection organ carries out inspection and supervision on the persons entering and leaving the country, the means of transportation and the luggage and property carried by them according to law. The frontier inspection organ, which is an important part of the state organs, undertakes the task of the entry and exit border inspection at the opening ports of the country, and carries out the administrative power of the state. With the increasing frequency of international exchanges and the deepening of China's "administration by law", the requirements of border inspection administrative law enforcement work will become higher and higher. How to improve the level of border inspection administrative law enforcement to meet the needs of comprehensively advancing the new situation of administration by law, To better serve international exchanges and economic and social development is an urgent and new problem faced by frontier inspection agencies. The Law of the people's Republic of China on the Administration of exit and entry (hereinafter referred to as the Law on the Administration of exit and entry) was passed on June 30, 2012 and formally implemented on July 1, 2013. The law integrates the relevant contents of the regulations on Frontier Inspection of exit and entry, and makes necessary adjustments and improvements to the law enforcement system of entry and exit administration, which is of great progress. Although the new law is passed, there are still some problems to be solved in the process of border inspection. From legislation to law enforcement, these problems have become increasingly prominent, and seriously affect the development of border inspection law enforcement. These problems are mainly manifested in the following aspects: some of the contents of the "Frontier Inspection regulations" are only principled provisions, which are not operable; the main body of frontier inspection law enforcement is single, the limits of authority are not clear and unreasonable; and the provisions on administrative penalties are more flexible. The punishment procedure is not clear, the punishment execution is difficult; the human rights guarantee is insufficient; the frontier inspection and law enforcement troop quality needs to be further improved and so on. In this paper, the basic concepts and the current law enforcement system of the border inspection are summarized, and the outstanding problems in the law enforcement of the border inspection are summarized, and the experience of foreign countries is taken as a mirror. A comparative study of the law enforcement system of border inspection in foreign countries. On the basis of combing the above problems, the author puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problem of border law enforcement.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.14

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