论公益基金会的法律地位

发布时间：2018-05-27 03:48

本文选题：公益基金会 + 财团法人　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：公益事业在优化社会资源配置,促进社会文明进步等方面都有重要功效。随着近年来公益事业的不断发展,我们发现公益基金会作为主要的慈善组织机构,其在慈善、救灾、扶贫、教育和环境保护等方面均发挥着重要作用,开展的活动也引发公众的广泛关注。提到公益基金会,大多公众想到的是中国红十字会、中国儿童少年基金会、宋庆龄基金会、壹基金等等这些具体的组织机构,而对公益基金会整体架构的认识不够,由此可能导致对于公益基金会制度本身的理解偏差。通过对公益基金会制度的介绍,有利于公众对公益基金会有更直观深刻的认识,进而可以促进其对公益基金会成立、运作等方面的监督。在我国目前关于公益基金会的研究中,大部分都是从公法角度来阐释公益基金会,并且侧重于加强行政部门对公益基金会的领导管理,此种理论产生的原因在于我国最初在基金会制度的理解上更加偏向于行政管理思维,但是这种倚重公法调解的做法已经不能满足公益基金会现今的发展需要。因此,本文试图从私法角度分析公益基金会,通过对其法律属性、财产问题及当事人之间权利义务关系等方面的具体阐释来明确其法律地位。本文分为以下五个部分：第一部分,对公益基金会进行概述,分别介绍了公益基金会的概念、历史发展及我国公益基金会的现状,同时介绍了公益基金会在我国的分类和基本特征。第二部分,主要阐释了公益基金会的法律属性,对国外和国内法律规定加以介绍,并且阐释了我国学界对于公益基金会法律属性的认识。第三部分,主要介绍公益基金会的成立、变更和终止,其中对公益基金会的成立基础予以具体阐释,并分析设立原则中的许可主义与准则主义的选择。第四部分,由于财产是公益基金会成立和活动的基础,故在此部分予以介绍,明确其分类、属性和特征,并分述公益基金会的财产处置和监管问题。第五部分,主要围绕公益基金会当事人间权利义务展开,分别介绍了公益基金会与捐赠人、受益人和管理人之间的权利义务关系,最后介绍了公益基金会的责任承担问题,其中也涉及对管理人的追偿责任。
[Abstract]:Public welfare has important effects in optimizing the allocation of social resources and promoting the progress of social civilization. With the continuous development of public welfare undertakings in recent years, we have found that public welfare foundations, as major charitable organizations, play an important role in charity, disaster relief, poverty alleviation, education and environmental protection. The activities also attracted wide public attention. When it comes to public welfare foundations, most of the public think of such specific organizations as the Red Cross Society of China, the China Children and adolescents Foundation, the Song Qingling Foundation, the one Foundation, and so on, but they do not have enough understanding of the overall structure of the public welfare foundation. This may lead to the understanding of the public welfare fund system itself deviation. Through the introduction of the public welfare fund system, it is helpful for the public to have a more intuitive and profound understanding of the public welfare foundation, and then to promote its supervision on the establishment and operation of the public welfare foundation. In our country's current research on public welfare foundations, most of them explain public welfare foundations from the perspective of public law, and focus on strengthening the leadership and management of public welfare foundations by the administrative departments. The reason for this theory lies in the fact that the understanding of foundation system in our country is more inclined to administrative thinking at first, but the practice of relying on public law mediation can no longer meet the development needs of public welfare foundations. Therefore, this article attempts to analyze the public welfare foundation from the private law angle, through the concrete explanation to its legal attribute, the property question and the relation between the rights and obligations between the parties to clarify its legal status. This paper is divided into the following five parts: In the first part, the author introduces the concept, historical development and current situation of the public welfare foundation, and introduces the classification and basic characteristics of the public welfare foundation in our country. The second part mainly explains the legal attribute of the public welfare foundation, introduces the foreign and domestic laws and regulations, and explains the understanding of the legal attribute of the public welfare foundation in the academic circles of our country. The third part mainly introduces the establishment, change and termination of the foundation of the public welfare fund, in which the foundation of the public welfare foundation is explained in detail, and the choice of the doctrine of authoritarianism and the doctrine of criterion in the principle of establishment is analyzed. The fourth part, because the property is the foundation of the foundation and the activity of the public welfare foundation, so it is introduced in this part, clear its classification, attribute and characteristic, and narrates the property disposition and the supervision of the public welfare foundation. The fifth part mainly focuses on the rights and obligations of the public welfare foundation parties, introduces the relationship between the public welfare foundation and the donor, the beneficiary and the administrator, and finally introduces the responsibility of the public welfare foundation. It also involves liability for recovery from the administrator.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.182.1

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