地方立法中的公众参与问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 06:11

本文选题：地方立法 + 公众参与　；参考：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：地方立法中的公众参与是指地方立法主体在地方立法(立、改、废)的过程中,为了更好地汇集民意,增强地方立法的民主性,而通过各种途径吸收公众特别是利益关系主体参与其中、并以某种方式施加影响的一种活动。地方立法中的公众参与具有非常重要的意义,是公众参与在地方立法中的具体体现,其有利于提高地方立法的民主性、科学性以及可行性。因而,各地立法主体根据本地实际,积极探索和开拓公众有序参与地方立法的途径和方式,以吸纳尽可能多的公众参与到地方立法中来,发挥群策群力,广泛凝聚社会共识。但是,由于受各种因素的影响,我国地方立法中公众参与还存在不少问题,影响了地方立法中公众参与应有作用的发挥,主要包括:一是公众参与的意识不足,即公众普遍缺乏参与地方立法的积极性和主动性;二是公众参与的能力不足,即公众普遍缺乏立法方面的专业理论知识以及参与立法的实践能力;三是公众参与的制度保障不足,即我国地方立法中公众参与缺乏坚实的制度保障,一些重要的公众参与制度没有建立健全,制度化严重不足;四是公众参与的实效性不足,即我国地方立法中公众参与的全面性和代表性得不到充分保证,公众参与地方立法的效果不佳。因此,针对我国地方立法中公众参与存在的上述问题,我们应按照党的十八届四中全会的要求,采取相应措施,予以解决,具体包括:一要提高公众参与意识,即要通过建立奖励机制等办法,有效调动公众参与地方立法的积极性和主动性,以及通过宣传教育、保障参与时间等途径,有效提高公众参与地方立法的意识;二要提高公众参与能力,即要通过培训教育、立法实践等途径,有效提升公众立法方面的专业理论知识水平,以及参与立法实践能力;三要建立健全地方立法中公众参与的相关制度,通过建立健全地方立法信息公开制度、地方立法中专家和社会组织协助制度、地方立法中公众参与的程序机制、地方立法中公众参与的反馈机制、地方立法后评估中公众参与机制等途径,为地方立法中公众参与提供坚实的制度支撑;四要提高公众参与的实效性,即要通过保证地方立法中公众参与意见的全面性和代表性等途径,切实保证地方立法中公众参与的实际效果。
[Abstract]:Public participation in local legislation refers to the public participation in local legislation in the process of local legislation (establishment, reform, and abolishment). In order to better gather public opinion and enhance the democracy of local legislation, the public, in a variety of ways, absorbed the public, especially the main body of interest, exerts an influence in some way. The public in the local legislation Participation is of great significance. It is the embodiment of public participation in local legislation. It is conducive to improving the democracy, scientificity and feasibility of local legislation. Therefore, according to the local reality, the legislative bodies of various locality actively explore and open up the ways and ways for the public to participate in the local legislation in order to absorb as many public references as possible. However, due to the influence of various factors, there are many problems in the public participation in local legislation in China, which affects the public participation in the local legislation, which mainly includes: first, the lack of public participation, that is, the public is generally lack of participation. The initiative and initiative of the square legislation; two is the lack of public participation, that is, the general lack of professional theoretical knowledge and practical ability to participate in legislation; three is the lack of public participation in the system, that is, the public participation in the local legislation is lack of a solid institutional guarantee, and some important public participation systems are not available. Four is the lack of the effectiveness of the public participation, that is, the overall and representative public participation in the local legislation in our country is not fully guaranteed and the public participation in the local legislation is not good. Therefore, we should follow the party's eighteen fourth Central Committee in the fourth middle of the party's local legislation. The whole meeting should take corresponding measures to solve it, including: first, to improve public participation awareness, that is, to effectively mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of the public participation in local legislation through the establishment of incentive mechanism and so on, and to effectively improve the public participation in local legislation through publicity and education, and guarantee participation in the local legislation; two To improve the ability of public participation, that is, through training, education, legislative practice, and other ways to effectively improve the level of professional theoretical knowledge in public legislation and the ability to participate in legislative practice; three to establish and improve the relevant system of public participation in local legislation and to establish a sound system of information disclosure in the legislation of the local legislation and the experts and societies in the local legislation. It will organize the system of assistance, the procedural mechanism of public participation in local legislation, the feedback mechanism of public participation in local legislation, and the public participation mechanism in the post legislative evaluation, and provide a solid institutional support for the public participation in the local legislation. Four to improve the effectiveness of public participation, the public participation should be ensured by ensuring the public participation in the local legislation. With the comprehensive and representativeness of opinions, we can practically guarantee the actual effect of public participation in local legislation.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D927

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