论私有历史建筑物权的立法保护

发布时间：2018-06-03 02:13

本文选题：历史建筑 + 私有　；参考：《华南理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在私有文化遗产既体现着作为文化遗产的社会公益性，也包含着个人的私益，其中的冲突在私有历史建筑上有集中体现。如何平衡私益与公益，处理历史建筑保护所涉及的私人物权与公众利益的关系，成为私有文化遗产保护中不可回避的重要问题。当前国内研究文化遗产保护的学者对此问题目前仍处于初步探究阶段，对于私有物权保护讨论不足。本文选取私有历史建筑作为研究对象，阐述了私有历史建筑的相关基本概念。虽然人们逐渐认识到历史建筑的公共利益，但是由于种种原因，历史建筑并未得到有效的保护，出现了业主无力保护，甚至不愿意保护的情况。造成历史建筑保护出现问题的法律原因，本文认为虽然当前我国从中央到地方都日益重视文化遗产保护工作，出台了保护历史建筑的法律法规，但是这些法规普遍是重义务，轻权利，，严重损害了历史建筑业主的物权，导致了私有历史建筑业主保护的积极性不高。本文认为可以借鉴域外历史建筑物权保护的措施，通过介绍澳门，台湾和法国关于历史建筑物权的法律规定，借鉴这些域外的成功经验。本文提出我国的完善历史建筑物权保护立法可以从加大补偿力度，提供税务优惠政策，建立发展权转移制度和提供足够的法律救济途径。通过完善这几方面的立法，弥补历史建筑业主的权利限制，协调公益与私益，实现社会利益的最大化。
[Abstract]:The private cultural heritage not only embodies the social public welfare as the cultural heritage, but also contains the private interests of the individual, and the conflicts are concentrated in the private historical buildings. How to balance private interests with public interests and deal with the relationship between private real right and public interest, which is involved in the protection of historical buildings, has become an important and unavoidable issue in the protection of private cultural heritage. At present, scholars who study the protection of cultural heritage in China are still in the initial stage of exploring this issue, and lack of discussion on the protection of private property rights. This paper selects private historical buildings as the research object and expounds the basic concepts of private historical buildings. Although people gradually realize the public interests of historical buildings, due to various reasons, historical buildings have not been effectively protected, and the owners are unable to protect, or even unwilling to protect. The legal reasons for the problems in the protection of historical buildings. This paper holds that although our country pays more and more attention to the protection of cultural heritage from the central to the local level, it has issued laws and regulations for the protection of historical buildings, but these laws and regulations generally attach great importance to the obligations. Light rights seriously damage the property rights of the owners of historical buildings and lead to low enthusiasm for the protection of owners of private historical buildings. This paper holds that we can draw lessons from the measures of protecting the property rights of historical buildings abroad, and draw lessons from these successful experiences by introducing the legal provisions of Macao, Taiwan and France on the property rights of historical buildings. This paper puts forward that our country's legislation on the protection of historical building property rights can be improved by increasing compensation, providing preferential tax policies, establishing the system of transfer of development rights and providing sufficient legal remedies. Through perfecting the legislation in these aspects, we can make up for the limitation of the rights of the owners of historical buildings, coordinate the public and private interests, and realize the maximization of the social benefits.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16

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