物业专项维修资金若干法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 11:16

本文选题：物业专项维修资金 + 建筑物区分所有权　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：物业专项维修资金设立之目的在于为物业的维护、更新及改造提供资金保障。物业的及时修缮、维修资金的保值增值及业主交纳维修资金意识的养成,均体现了物业专项维修资金的设立价值。我国物业专项维修资金实行“专户存储、专款专用、所有人决策、政府监督”的管理原则,并在保障业主权利及维护社会稳定方面发挥着重要作用。我国物业专项维修资金设立于20世纪90年代,因其建立时间较晚,理论储备不足,研究不够深入,导致在实践中面临诸多难题。物业专项维修资金的代收主体不统一、管理模式不完善、申请使用流程略显复杂及法律救济措施缺位等问题有待于进一步立法规范。本文对现行物业专项维修资金制度存在的法律问题进行具体分析,并逐一进行研究探讨,力求为完善我国物业专项维修资金制度提供理论依据。本文除引言和结语外,共分为4个部分,约2.6万字。第一部分是对物业专项维修资金的总体概述。物业专项维修资金是专项用于物业维护、更新及改造的资金,在性质上具有专项使用性。物业专项维修资金经历由1989年《城市异产毗邻房屋管理规定》、1998年《住宅共用部位共用设施设备维修基金管理办法》向2008年《住宅专项维修资金管理办法》演进的立法过程。物业专项维修资金与物业服务费在权利主体、交纳主体、管理主体等方面存在不同之处。第二部分对国内外的物业专项维修资金进行综合评析。美国的公共维修资金专业化管理模式、新加坡的专项维修资金使用模式、台湾地区的公共基金管理方式及香港地区的物业专项维修资金保险制度,均值得中国内地进行借鉴与参考。上海市住宅专项维修资金监管模式、天津市物业专项维修资金收益方式、深圳市物业专项维修资金管理模式、成都市城市住房专项维修资金使用范围的界定及重庆市物业专项维修资金管理方式,均是我国物业专项维修资金制度的重要组成部分。第三部分探讨我国物业专项维修资金存在的法律问题。现行物业专项维修资金制度存在代收主体不统一、管理模式不科学、物业维修划款方式待改进、维修资金续交方式不完善及救济渠道不通畅等问题。第四部分针对物业专项维修资金制度存在问题提出了完善建议。物业专项维修资金的代收主体应当是专户管理银行;维修资金管理人应当制定维修资金保值增值“定活存储专户管理”方案;物业专项维修资金在维修方面采取“先维修、后拨款”的模式;物业专项维修资金剩余数额不足30%时,业主采取“按月交存”的方式补足至首期交存之数额;业主委员会可通过诉讼的方式向欠缴业主追收物业专项维修资金。
[Abstract]:Property maintenance funds are set up to provide financial protection for property maintenance, renewal and renovation. The timely repair of the property, the preservation and increment of the maintenance fund and the cultivation of the owner's consciousness of paying the maintenance fund all reflect the establishment value of the property special maintenance fund. The special fund for property maintenance in our country adopts the management principle of "special account storage, special fund use, all people's decision making and government supervision", and plays an important role in protecting the owners' rights and maintaining social stability. The special fund for property maintenance in China was set up in the 1990s. Due to its late establishment, insufficient theoretical reserves and insufficient research, it is faced with many difficulties in practice. The collection of special property maintenance funds is not uniform, the management mode is not perfect, the application process is a little complicated and the legal relief measures are absent, and so on, which need to be further legislated and standardized. This paper makes a concrete analysis of the legal problems existing in the current property special maintenance fund system and makes a study and discussion one by one in order to provide a theoretical basis for perfecting the property special maintenance fund system in our country. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into four parts, about 26000 words. The first part is the general overview of the property special maintenance funds. Property maintenance fund is a special fund for property maintenance, renewal and renovation. The special fund for property maintenance has undergone the legislative process from the regulations on the Management of buildings adjacent to the Urban Partition in 1989 and the Management method of the maintenance Fund for the Common facilities and Equipments of the Housing in 1998 to the Management of the Special maintenance funds for the Residential buildings in 2008. There are differences between property maintenance fund and property service charge in rights subject, payment subject, management subject and so on. The second part of the property at home and abroad special maintenance funds for comprehensive evaluation. The specialized management mode of public maintenance funds in the United States, the use mode of special maintenance funds in Singapore, the management mode of public funds in Taiwan and the insurance system of property special maintenance funds in Hong Kong, Are worthy of the mainland of China for reference and reference. Shanghai housing special maintenance fund supervision mode, Tianjin special property maintenance fund revenue mode, Shenzhen property special maintenance fund management mode, The definition of the scope of the special maintenance fund for housing in Chengdu and the management of the special maintenance fund in Chongqing are all important parts of the fund system for the special maintenance of property in our country. The third part discusses the legal problems existing in the special maintenance fund of property in our country. There are some problems in the current system of special maintenance fund for property, such as the disunity of the agent, the unscientific management mode, the improvement of the transfer method of the property maintenance fund, the imperfect way of the continuation of the maintenance fund, and the unobstructed relief channel, etc. The fourth part puts forward some suggestions to improve the fund system of property special maintenance. Special account management banks shall be the main recipients of property special maintenance funds; maintenance fund managers shall formulate the "fixed live storage special account management" scheme for maintaining and increasing the value of maintenance funds; and special maintenance funds for property maintenance shall adopt "maintenance first," After appropriation "mode; when the surplus amount of property special maintenance fund is less than 30%, the owner will make up the deposit amount to the first deposit by the way of" monthly deposit "; Owners Committee through the way of litigation to the owners to collect property special maintenance funds.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.181

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