我国突发环境事件应急立法研究

发布时间：2018-08-07 07:26

【摘要】：本文以突发环境事件应急及立法的相关理论为切入点，系统梳理了我国突发环境事件应急的立法现状，分析了其中存在的主要问题，考察了国外有关国家突发环境事件应急立法的概况并对其先进经验进行了总结。在此基础上，紧扣国内立法中存在的主要问题，积极借鉴国外有益经验，从原则、立法体系和法律制度等方面对我国突发环境事件应急立法提出了完善对策。文章除导论和结语外，主要分为以下四章：第一章：突发环境事件应急的概述。从基本理论的角度阐述了突发环境事件的概念、特征和危害以及突发环境事件产生的原因；对突发事件应急、突发环境事件应急的概念及其应急机制进行了分析，为深入研究突发环境事件应急的立法奠定了基础。第二章：我国突发环境事件应急立法现状与问题分析。以立法体系理论为方法，，主要从宪法层面、法律层面、行政法规层面、地方法规规章及部门规章等方面分析了我国突发环境事件应急立法的现状，并提出了各个层面对立法国存在的主要问题与不足。第三章：国外突发环境事件应急立法的经验借鉴。介绍了国外在突发环境事件应急立法方面的经验以及给我国带来的启示，主要分析了美国、日本、俄罗斯、德国等国家关于突发环境事件立法的概况及相关经验，对其进行分析和总结，并从完善应急立法体系、建立健全应急管理组织机构、完善相关应急制度措施等方面提出了对我国的启示和借鉴。第四章：我国突发环境事件应急立法的完善。从立法原则的完善、立法体系的完善和相关制度的完善提出了完善对策。突发环境事件应急立法完善的原则包括合法性原则、效率原则、风险预防原则、协调原则、比例原则、科学原则；立法体系的完善主要从宪法、法律、法规规章和政策等方面提出了意见；相关制度的完善分为事前预防阶段的相关法律制度完善、事中处置阶段相关法律制度完善、事后恢复阶段相关法律制度。
[Abstract]:Based on the relevant theories of environmental emergency and legislation, this paper systematically combs the current situation of emergency legislation in China, and analyzes the main problems in it. The general situation of emergency legislation in foreign countries is reviewed and its advanced experience is summarized. On this basis, the main problems existing in the domestic legislation are closely followed, the beneficial experience of foreign countries is actively used for reference, and the countermeasures are put forward from the aspects of principle, legislative system and legal system to improve the emergency legislation of unexpected environmental events in China. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the article is divided into the following four chapters: the first chapter: an overview of environmental emergencies. From the angle of basic theory, this paper expounds the concept, characteristics and hazards of environmental emergencies and the causes of environmental emergencies, and analyzes the concepts and mechanisms of emergencies, environmental emergencies and emergency. It lays a foundation for further research on emergency legislation of environmental emergencies. Chapter two: the current situation and problems of emergency legislation in China. Based on the theory of legislative system, this paper analyzes the current situation of emergency legislation of environmental emergencies in China from the aspects of constitution, law, administrative regulations, local regulations and departmental regulations, etc. At the same time, it puts forward the main problems and shortcomings of the opposite France at various levels. Chapter three: the experience of emergency legislation in foreign countries. This paper introduces the experience of foreign countries in emergency legislation of environmental emergencies and its enlightenment to our country. It mainly analyzes the general situation and relevant experience of the legislation on environmental emergencies in the United States, Japan, Russia, Germany and other countries, such as the United States, Japan, Russia, Germany and other countries. From the aspects of perfecting the emergency legislation system, establishing and perfecting the organization of emergency management, and perfecting the relevant measures of emergency system, this paper puts forward the enlightenment and reference to our country from the aspects of improving the emergency legislation system, establishing and perfecting the emergency management organization, and perfecting the relevant emergency system measures. Chapter four: the perfection of emergency legislation in China. The countermeasures are put forward from the perfection of legislative principles, legislative system and related systems. The principles of legislation perfection include legality principle, efficiency principle, risk prevention principle, coordination principle, proportion principle, scientific principle. The related system is divided into three parts: the related legal system in the prevention stage, the related legal system in the disposal stage, and the relevant legal system in the recovery stage.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.14

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