大学章程法律效力研究

发布时间：2018-08-08 16:18

【摘要】：大学就是一个小型却复杂的社会,在这个不大的规模里囊括了各个部门,不仅人员多且内容繁杂。大学要恰当处理好学术科研,教育教学、行政机关、后勤部门、生产经营等各项关系,需要有内容详细、权责明确、具有实质约束力受各利益相关方认可的章程加以规定,否则各种纠纷矛盾不断,大学自治、学术自由的氛围最终将难以得到维护。正如湛中乐先生所说的：没有大学章程就没有大学自主权。大学章程甚至被称为大学的“宪法”,起到连接和沟通大学外部法律法规和内部规章制度的作用。但是,由于我国大学长期以来缺乏独立性、教育行政主管部门对大学过度干预,以及政府和大学对章程的意义和重要性认识不够等原因,许多大学至今还没有制定章程。即使有些大学已经制定了章程,其对大学章程及其法律效力的认识不全面、不深刻,从而存在大学章程没法真正发挥其法律效力,大学章程的执行力不够等等问题。因此,正确认识大学章程,尤其是其法律效力的内涵,对我们制定和完善大学章程,依据章程对大学办学行为进行管理监督,具有重要意义。大学章程将成为政府转变职能后对大学进行宏观的间接的管理,实现大学自治目标的重要手段。本文将从大学章程法律效力的概念、特征、来源等入手,分析大学章程法律效力的内容、其产生法律效力的应具备的要素、效力的范围,以及大学章程法律效力的有限性。总结大学章程发生法律效力面临的问题,并借鉴国外大学章程发展中的经验,提出解决我国大学章程法律效力问题的一些可行性建议。
[Abstract]:A university is a small but complex society, a small, diverse and diverse society. Universities should properly handle the relationships between academic research, education and teaching, administrative organs, logistics departments, production and operation, and so on. They need to have detailed contents, clear powers and responsibilities, and articles of association that are legally binding and approved by all stakeholders. Otherwise, various disputes and contradictions, university autonomy, academic freedom will ultimately be difficult to maintain. As Mr Zhanzhongle put it: there is no university autonomy without university charter. The university constitution, even called the university constitution, acts as a link and communication between the university's external laws and regulations and its internal rules and regulations. However, due to the lack of independence of universities in China for a long time, the excessive interference of educational administrative departments in universities, and the lack of understanding of the significance and importance of charters by the government and universities, many universities have not yet formulated statutes. Even though some universities have formulated their statutes, their understanding of the university charter and its legal effect is not comprehensive and profound, so there are some problems such as the university charter can not really play its legal effect, the university charter enforcement is not enough, and so on. Therefore, it is of great significance for us to correctly understand the university charter, especially the connotation of its legal effect, to make and perfect the university charter and to supervise the university running behavior according to the regulation. The university charter will become an important means to realize the goal of university autonomy through macroscopic and indirect management after the government changes its functions. Starting with the concept, characteristics and sources of the legal effect of the university charter, this paper will analyze the content of the legal effect of the university charter, the elements that it should have, the scope of the legal effect and the limitation of the legal effect of the university charter. This paper summarizes the problems facing the legal effect of the university charter, and draws lessons from the experience of the development of the university charter in foreign countries, and puts forward some feasible suggestions to solve the problem of the legal effect of the university charter in our country.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16

【参考文献】