城管暴力执法问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 19:51

【摘要】：从1997年北京市宣武区第一个执法监察队伍成立以来，我国城市管理综合执法工作，先后经历了试点启动、试点规范、总结推广阶段，2002年8月《国务院关于进一步推进相对集中行政处罚权工作的决定》（国发[2002]17号文件）的发布，标志着城市管理综合执法工作最终进入全面推广阶段。据不完全统计，至2011年全国已有31个省、自治区、直辖市1120多个城市相继推行了相对集中行政处罚权制度。城市管理综合执法制度自建立以来，在维护城市环境整洁、规范市场秩序、保障社会稳定等方面发挥了重要作用，并在一定程度上改善了城市管理领域长期存在的职能交叉、执法扰民、多头执法等问题，但是，因为城市管理综合执法体制建立在我国正处于转型时期，经济、社会问题复杂，城市化迅速发展的大背景下，它不得不承载了城市管理秩序维持与弱势群体生存权保障等多方面矛盾冲突造成的压力，城市管理综合执法工作仍面临许多问题。近年来，城管暴力执法事件的发生无论从数量上还是程度上都有愈演愈烈的趋势，，这一现象的发生与和谐社会的构建背道而驰，严重损坏了政府的形象，破坏了社会的稳定团结，扰乱了市场秩序，给政府的城市管理工作以及人们的生活都产生了消极影响，城管暴力执法问题解决至关重要也迫在眉睫。本文立足于我国城市管理综合执法制度建立的背景和目的，结合我国城管执法现状及带来的消极后果，对城管暴力执法问题产生的原因进行多角度分析，分别从管理监督、执法理念、执法方式、执法人员素养、执法协作等方面详细阐述城管暴力执法事件频发的原因，希望对暴力执法问题解决途径的提出有所裨益，从而找到更好的城市管理办法，减少暴力执法事件的发生，使行政执法更加规范，使我们的城市更加和谐，使城市管理工作早日走上法治化的道路。本文共分为五个部分：第一部分主要说明当今城管的执法现状及暴力执法所带来的消极后果。第二部分主要阐述执法理念对城管暴力执法产生的影响，执法人员的执法素质及其形成原因。第三部分从狭隘的利益观、法律知识的匮乏等角度介绍执法相对人方面的因素。第四部分分析城管执法过程中产生的问题，主要从职权范围、执法程序、执法方式等方面具体阐述。第五部分从执法监督机制不完善，执法评价机制不合理的角度分析城管暴力执法产生的原因。
[Abstract]:Since the establishment of the first law enforcement and supervision team in Xuanwu District, Beijing in 1997, the comprehensive law enforcement work of urban management in China has undergone the start of a pilot project and the pilot standards. Summing up and popularizing stage, the decision of the State Council on further promoting the work of relatively centralized administrative punishment power in August 2002 (document No. 17 of Guofa [2002]) indicates that the comprehensive law enforcement work of urban management has finally entered the stage of comprehensive promotion. According to incomplete statistics, up to 2011, more than 1120 cities in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government have implemented the system of relatively centralized administrative punishment power. Since the establishment of the comprehensive law enforcement system of urban management, it has played an important role in maintaining the clean and tidy urban environment, standardizing the market order and ensuring social stability, and to a certain extent has improved the long-existing overlapping of functions in the field of urban management. However, because the comprehensive law enforcement system of urban management is being established in the transitional period, the economic and social problems are complex, and the urbanization is developing rapidly. It has to bear the pressure caused by the conflict between the maintenance of urban management order and the protection of vulnerable groups' survival rights, and the comprehensive law enforcement of urban management still faces many problems. In recent years, there has been a growing trend in the occurrence of violent law enforcement incidents of urban management in both quantity and degree. This phenomenon runs counter to the construction of a harmonious society and seriously damages the image of the government. It destroys the social stability and unity, disturbs the market order, and has a negative impact on the government's urban management and people's lives. Therefore, it is very important and urgent to solve the problem of urban management violence law enforcement. Based on the background and purpose of the establishment of comprehensive law enforcement system of urban management in China, this paper analyzes the causes of the problem of urban management violence law enforcement from various angles, respectively from the management supervision, combining with the present situation and negative consequences of urban management law enforcement in China. In the aspects of the concept of law enforcement, the way of law enforcement, the accomplishment of law enforcement personnel, the cooperation of law enforcement, and so on, the reasons for the frequent occurrence of urban management violent law enforcement incidents are elaborated in detail. It is hoped that it will be helpful to put forward ways to solve the problem of violent law enforcement so as to find better urban management methods. To reduce the occurrence of violent law enforcement, to make administrative law enforcement more standardized, to make our city more harmonious, and to make the city management work on the road of rule of law as soon as possible. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part mainly explains the current situation of urban management law enforcement and the negative consequences of violent law enforcement. The second part mainly expounds the influence of law enforcement concept on urban management violence law enforcement, the law enforcement quality of law enforcement personnel and its formation reasons. The third part introduces the relative factors of law enforcement from narrow view of profit and lack of legal knowledge. The fourth part analyzes the problems arising in the process of urban management law enforcement, mainly from the terms of reference, law enforcement procedures, law enforcement methods and other aspects of the specific elaboration. The fifth part analyzes the causes of urban management violence law enforcement from the view of imperfect law enforcement supervision mechanism and unreasonable law enforcement evaluation mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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