我国大城市中心区域既有社区的养老设施优化研究

发布时间：2018-07-15 15:09

【摘要】：人口老龄化是当前不可逆转的全球性趋势,我国大城市中心区域的人口老龄化问题较为突出,在当前以居家养老作为最主要养老方式的背景下,选取大城市中心区域既有社区的养老设施作为研究对象具有十分重要的意义,还可以为我国其它人口老龄化程度相对还不高的地区和城市提供借鉴。本文主要从建筑学和规划学的角度出发,运用文献资料研究、实地调研、统计分析研究、案例分析等方法针对大城市中心区域既有社区的养老设施进行优化研究。本文首先参照构建完善的社区养老服务应考虑的基本因素和国际上关于完善的社区老龄生活已有的理论,从设施的类型和功能配置、可达性以及适老性三方面简要概述完善的社区养老设施应具备的特征。然后根据实地调研的情况,将大城市中心区域既有社区分为20世纪90年代之前和20世纪90年代至今已建成的社区这两类分别进行研究,主要从社区的特点、社区养老设施存在的问题及优化研究中可借鉴的案例三方面进行阐述,此两类社区都存在设施类型、可达性以及适老性方面的问题。前者(A类)：设施类型少且功能单一；可达性方面存在数量严重不足、规模小、服务半径小且位置不佳的问题；适老性方面存在安全性和舒适性的问题。后者(B类)：类型方面虽较前者有改进但仍不够全面和精细因而无法满足各种老年人群的多种需求；可达性方面,设施的数量和规模虽较前者有所增加但仍不够满足需求并且老年人到达设施的便捷性和安全性也不够高；适老性方面仍存在安全性和舒适性的问题。论文从政策、市场和资源、技术三方面对问题背后的成因进行了分析。论文最后提出优化的目标、原则和策略,然后针对上文总结的问题,主要从设施类型、可达性以及硬件和细节方面的适老性三方面出发分别对这两类社区内的养老设施进行优化方法的研究。
[Abstract]:Population aging is an irreversible global trend at present. The problem of population aging in the central areas of big cities in our country is more prominent. Under the background of taking home pension as the most important way of providing for the aged at present, It is of great significance to select the old-age facilities of the existing communities in the central areas of big cities as the research objects, and can also provide reference for other regions and cities with relatively low degree of population aging in China. From the point of view of architecture and planning, this paper applies the methods of literature research, field investigation, statistical analysis and case analysis to optimize the old-age facilities in the existing communities in the central areas of big cities. First of all, according to the basic factors which should be considered in constructing the perfect community old-age care service and the existing theories about the perfect community aging life in the world, this paper starts with the type and function of the facilities. This paper briefly summarizes the characteristics of the perfect community pension facilities in three aspects: accessibility and senility. Then, according to the situation of field research, the existing communities in the central areas of large cities are divided into two types: the communities before the 1990s and the communities that have been completed since the 1990s, mainly from the characteristics of the communities. The problems existing in the community pension facilities and the case studies on the optimization are discussed in three aspects: the types of facilities the accessibility and the adaptability of the facilities in these two communities. The former (category A): facilities with few types and single functions; the problem of serious shortage of access, small scale, small radius of service and poor location; the problem of safety and comfort in the aspect of aging. The latter (category B): the typology, while improved from the former, is still not comprehensive and sophisticated enough to meet the diverse needs of a wide range of older people; accessibility, The number and scale of facilities are larger than that of the former, but not enough to meet the demand, and the convenience and safety of the elderly to reach the facilities are not high enough, and the problem of safety and comfort still exists in the aspect of aging. The paper analyzes the causes of the problem from three aspects: policy, market, resources and technology. Finally, the paper puts forward the objectives, principles and strategies of optimization, and then aims at the problems summarized above, mainly from the types of facilities, Based on the three aspects of accessibility and aging in hardware and detail, the optimization methods of old-age facilities in these two communities are studied.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.12

【参考文献】