省会城市公共交通服务供给问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-08 21:10

本文关键词： 省会城市城市公共交通城市公共交通服务供给　出处：《山西财经大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市公共交通是满足民众出行需求的重大民生工程和社会公益性事业,城市公共交通服务供给是指由公共部门以及其他部门共同生产或提供城市公共交通产品和服务的一系列活动的总称。作为一项基本的公共服务,城市公共交通服务的重要性不言而喻。当前,我国大部分省会城市与同省的其他城市相比,都拥有独特的资源禀赋,主要体现在政治、经济、文化、科技、人才等方面,尽管当前部分非省会城市和超大城市发展迅速,但总体来看,省会城市作为一省的政治中心,由于其城市规模和发展水平较高、服务辐射面广、教育资源丰富、就业机会多、医疗水平高等优势,吸引了大量人口聚集,交通压力也随之增大。改革开放30年来,随着省会城市经济的飞速发展,城市公共交通服务供给取得了诸多成就,如:公交车辆投入数量大幅增加、承载城市客运量稳步攀升、公交线网逐年优化、城市居民的出行体验不断得到提升、相关法律政策逐年完善等,公共交通服务的总体供给水平有了显著地提高。然而,伴随着城市化和机动化进程的逐渐加快,现有的城市公共交通服务供给也存在许多问题,如公共交通服务供给总量不足、供给效率较为低下、公交分担率低、公交线网布局不尽合理、公共交通服务相关基础设施建设滞后等,省会城市公共交通服务的供给能力总体落后于快速发展的城市经济,越来越难以满足人们巨大的出行需求。本文通过对我国省会城市公共交通服务供给现状的分析与研究,以公共物品供给理论、责任政府理论、服务型政府理论为指导,从多个角度分析了引起这些问题的原因,诸如城市公共交通服务供给主体单一、政府部门职责交叉、相关法律政策落实不到位、财政资金投入机制不健全、企业管理体制不完善、监督不到位、定价机制不合理、市场竞争不充分、社会参与度低等原因。论文通过提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的研究思路,结合我国公共服务领域的最新政策,总结借鉴国内外城市的成功经验,立足于公共管理的角度,为解决我国省会城市公共交通服务供给存在的问题提出了相应的对策建议,如:放宽市场准入、引入适度竞争机制;“供给侧”与“需求侧”相配合;推进城市公共交通事业改革;完善相关政策措施和监督机制,构建社会参与机制,并创新性地从城市公共交通服务供给的“硬件”和“软件”两方面为供给效率的提高提供了建议。
[Abstract]:Urban public transport is a major livelihood project and social welfare undertaking to meet the travel needs of the people. The provision of urban public transport services refers to a series of activities in which the public sector and other departments jointly produce or provide urban public transport products and services. As a basic public service, The importance of urban public transport services is self-evident. At present, most of the provincial capitals in China have unique resource endowments compared with other cities in the province, mainly in political, economic, cultural, scientific and technological, human resources, and so on. Although some non-provincial capitals and megacities are developing rapidly, generally speaking, provincial capitals, as the political centers of a province, are rich in educational resources and employment opportunities due to their high level of urban size and development, wide range of services and radiation. In the past 30 years of reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the economy of provincial capital cities, the supply of urban public transport services has made many achievements. Such as: the number of public transport vehicles increased substantially, the number of passengers in carrying cities rose steadily, the bus network was optimized year by year, the travel experience of urban residents was continuously improved, and the relevant laws and policies were improved year by year, etc. However, with the acceleration of urbanization and motorization, there are many problems in the supply of urban public transport services, such as the shortage of the total supply of public transport services. The supply efficiency is low, the public transport share rate is low, the layout of public transportation network is not reasonable, the infrastructure construction of public transportation service is lagging behind, the supply capacity of public transportation service in provincial capital city lags behind the rapid development of urban economy. It is more and more difficult to meet the huge travel demand of people. Through the analysis and research on the present situation of public transportation service supply in the provincial capitals of our country, this paper is guided by the theory of public goods supply, the theory of responsible government and the theory of service-oriented government. The causes of these problems are analyzed from several angles, such as the single supply of urban public transport services, the overlapping responsibilities of government departments, the lack of implementation of relevant laws and policies, and the imperfect financial investment mechanism. The enterprise management system is not perfect, the supervision is not in place, the pricing mechanism is unreasonable, the market competition is not sufficient, and the social participation is low. Combined with the latest policies in the field of public service in China, this paper summarizes and draws lessons from the successful experiences of domestic and foreign cities, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problems existing in the supply of public transport services in the provincial capitals of our country, from the perspective of public management. For example: relaxing market access and introducing appropriate competition mechanism; "supply-side" and "demand-side" coordination; promoting urban public transport reform; perfecting relevant policy measures and supervision mechanisms, building social participation mechanism, It also provides suggestions for the improvement of supply efficiency from the two aspects of "hardware" and "software" of urban public transportation service supply.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.3

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