北京市森林资源价值评价与方法研究

发布时间：2018-09-09 14:04

【摘要】：本研究提出了一种基于3S技术的森林资源价值评价方法,利用TM遥感影像解译出研究区林地面积,利用GPS结合全站仪每木检尺(包括树木三维坐标测量、树高、胸径),根据二元立木材积表计算出对应树种以及树木生长状况所对应的材积。再与相应树种单位材积价值的乘积确定样地立木价值,通过对遥感图像分析的各研究区的林地面积样地与林木价值的乘积来计算样地所在区县林木价值。本研究资料来源于遥感TM影像和国家林业局标定的2012年北京市28块样地的测量数据。在林地资源价值的评价中,以林地出产量为计量依据,将林地一年内的产品交易产生的收益依照比例扣除相应成本、税费和附加费用后得出的净收益为计算基础,以持续经营为林地价值获取的时间价值尺度以及在此基础上不断获得净收益为计量目标,采用收益还原法计算林地使用年度内的价值量。本研究在生态资源价值的核算中以《中华人民共和国林业行业标准LY/T1721-2008森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》来计算森林生态服务价值年生态服务价值。价值量包含涵养水源、保育土壤、净化环境、固碳制氧四个方面对社会服务价值的核算包含：游憩、文化教育、拉动经济产业发展、林业公共管理、生态服务功能性建设五个方面。本文对森林资源价值的研究中,将收益价值与成本价值、价值量与生物量严格区分扣除有森林资源自身服务功能所产生的例如涵养水源、防护等功能衍生价值,并利用经济学原理,确定新的核算体系,重新计算森林资源价值。这样不仅可以将森林资源价值评价中生物量与价值量两者相区分,也大大增强了核算结果的可信度。依照上述方法计算得出北京市延庆县、门头沟区、海淀区、平谷区、昌平区、怀柔区、密云县2012年森林资源价值分别为： (1)林木资源价值：269.01亿元、276.30亿元、25.29亿元、74.25亿元、71.78亿元、253.01亿元、410.98亿元。 (2)林地资源价值：172.62亿元、151.06亿元、20.20亿元、78.17亿元、94.16亿元、203.41亿元、184.80亿元。 (3)生态服务价值：69.87亿元、44.97亿元、8.57亿元、31.40亿元、41.54亿元、85.54亿元、78.48亿元。 (4)社会服务价值：5.55亿元、4.86亿元、0.65亿元、2.51亿元、3.02亿元、6.53亿元、5.94亿元。 (5)森林资源总价值：505.78亿元、496.10亿元、53.79亿元、182.12亿元、204.92亿元、534.89亿元、667.49亿元。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a method of forest resource value evaluation based on 3s technology is put forward. The area of forest land in the study area is interpreted by TM remote sensing image, and the tree height is measured by GPS combined with total station meter (including three dimensional coordinate measurement of trees, tree height, and so on). DBH), according to the binary tree volume table, the corresponding tree species and tree growth corresponding to the volume. With the product of the unit volume value of the corresponding tree species, the stand tree value of the sample plot is determined, and the forest value of the sample plot is calculated by the product of the forest land area sample land and the forest value of the study area of the remote sensing image analysis area. The data were obtained from remote sensing TM images and data from 28 plots of Beijing in 2012 as calibrated by the State Forestry Administration. In the evaluation of forestland resource value, based on the measurement of forestland output, the net income obtained after deducting the corresponding costs, taxes and additional expenses from the products traded in the forest land within one year is taken as the basis of calculation. Based on the time value scale of forest land value obtained by continuous operation and the net income obtained on this basis, the value of forest land in the year of use is calculated by income reduction method. In this study, the annual value of forest ecosystem service value was calculated by LY/T1721-2008 standard of forestry industry standard of the people's Republic of China in the calculation of ecological resource value. The value includes water conservation, soil conservation, environment purification, carbon sequestration and oxygen production, including recreation, culture and education, economic and industrial development, forestry public management. Five aspects of functional construction of ecological services. In the study of forest resource value, the profit value and cost value, value quantity and biomass are strictly distinguished and deducted from the derived value derived from the functions of forest resources such as water conservation, protection and so on. And use economics principle, determine new accounting system, recalculate forest resource value. In this way, not only the biomass and the value of forest resources can be distinguished from each other, but also the reliability of the accounting results can be greatly enhanced. According to the above calculation, we can get Yanqing County, Mentougou District, Haidian District, Pinggu District, Changping District, Huairou District of Beijing, The value of forest resources in Miyun County in 2012 is: (1) Forest resources value: 26.901 billion yuan, 27.63 billion yuan, 2.529 billion yuan, 7.425 billion yuan, 7.178 billion yuan, 25.301 billion yuan, 41.098 billion yuan. (2) Forest land resource value: 17.262 billion yuan, 15.106 billion yuan, 2.02 billion yuan. Yuan, 7.817 billion yuan, 9.416 billion yuan, 20.341 billion yuan, 18.48 billion yuan. (3) Ecological service value: 6.987 billion yuan, 4.497 billion yuan, 857 million yuan, 3.14 billion yuan, 4.154 billion yuan, 8.554 billion yuan, 7.848 billion yuan. (4) Social service value: 555 million yuan, 486 million yuan, 65 million yuan 2.51 Total value of forest resources: 50.578 billion yuan, 49.61 billion yuan, 5.379 billion yuan, 18.212 billion yuan, 20.492 billion yuan, 53.489 billion yuan, 66.749 billion yuan.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：S757

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