纸媒记者工作倦怠问题及对策研究

发布时间：2019-02-15 11:35

【摘要】：随着社会信息化程度的不断加深，纸媒记者在媒体宣传过程中起着越来越重要的作用，其日益凸显的工作倦怠问题也逐渐成为构建政府和公众之间和谐关系的绊脚石。本文站在公共管理的角度，从论述政府、公众与媒体之间的关系着手，突出纸媒记者群体的重要性，同时重点分析纸媒记者在当前背景下所面临的一系列的现实困境，以及导致其或轻或重的工作倦怠的内外因素，以此为依据，探寻最终解决之道。多年来，对工作倦怠并未形成统一的定义，众说纷云。本文认为，工作倦怠是个人由于长期的工作压力得不到缓解而出现的心理和身体上的疲劳、疲倦状态。当前背景下，传统媒体受到了网络媒体等新媒体的巨大冲击，新媒体在很多方面都有着绝对的优势，突出的表现是传播速度快、覆盖面广。纸媒作为传统媒体，必须扬长避短，不断革新，才能与新媒体相抗衡。纸媒记者的压力随之而来：首先在体力上，为了能在第一时间赶到采访现场，获得第一手资料，纸媒记者必须每天争分夺秒，东奔西跑，有的甚至经常出差，面临着极大的体力考验；其次，在心理上，很多事件带给记者的是消极、触目惊心的体验，比如说地震、战争，事件本身的负面效应很容易会波及到记者本身，让这个群体出现不同程度的心理问题；最后，在安全保障方面，我国的记者缺乏有效的人身安全保障机制，不少记者在采访的过程中会面临人身攻击，或者采访之后的打击报复，这些都会让记者极度缺乏安全感。由此，在多种因素的综合作用下，记者会出现工作倦怠问题便不足为奇了。工作倦怠在个人日常工作中有着非常多的表现形式。本文为了更好的梳理纸媒记者倦怠问题的种种表现，特制定了专门的调查问卷，在某报社抽取156名纸媒记者作为研究对象，，共发放问卷156份，收回153份。通过调查发现，纸媒记者工作倦怠主要表现在：工作热情和工作效率下降，工作创新能力减退，社会责任感降低，角色错位，道德缺失等等。总之，本文运用调查法、文献研究法、数据统计分析法等研究方法，力图对工作倦怠对象进行详实、具体和有效的分析研究。具体来讲，本文从分析纸媒、记者、倦怠等相关概念入手，结合问卷调查的统计结果，进一步分析有关工作倦怠的深刻含义，全面梳理纸媒记者所面临的困境，最终引申出相应的对策选择，即对纸媒记者从业人员从心理健康培训、体制与制度建设、机构管理、人身安全保障、激励奖励等方面，缓解工作倦怠，逐步打造一支积极向上、身心健康、乐观进取的纸媒记者队伍，这是历史发展的必然趋势，也是当前我们面临的一项非常重要的研究课题。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of social informatization, the media play an increasingly important role in the process of media propaganda. The increasingly prominent issue of job burnout has gradually become a stumbling block to build a harmonious relationship between the government and the public. From the angle of public administration, this paper discusses the relationship between the government, the public and the media, highlights the importance of the group of print journalists, and analyzes a series of realistic difficulties faced by the journalists under the current background. And the internal and external factors leading to its light or heavy job burnout, based on which to explore the final solution. Over the years, there has been no uniform definition of job burnout. This paper holds that job burnout is the psychological and physical fatigue and fatigue of individuals due to long-term job stress. Under the current background, the traditional media has been greatly impacted by new media, such as network media. New media have absolute advantages in many aspects, the outstanding performance is the speed of communication, wide coverage. As the traditional media, the paper media must develop its strengths and circumvent its weaknesses and innovate constantly in order to compete with the new media. First of all, in order to be able to get to the scene of the interview at the first time and obtain first-hand information, the newspaper reporters must scramble every day to run around the clock, and some even go on business trips frequently. Facing great physical test; Secondly, psychologically, many events bring reporters negative and shocking experience, such as earthquake, war, the negative effects of events themselves will easily spread to the reporters themselves, so that this group has different degrees of psychological problems; Finally, in terms of safety and security, our journalists lack an effective personal security mechanism, many journalists will face personal attacks during the interview process, or retaliation after the interview, which will make the reporter extremely short of sense of security. Therefore, under the combined action of many factors, it is not surprising that the press conference appears job burnout. Job burnout has many forms in daily work. In order to better comb the various manifestations of the burnout of newspaper journalists, this paper makes a special questionnaire. 156 newspaper journalists were selected as the research object, a total of 156 questionnaires were sent out and 153 were collected. Through the investigation, it is found that the job burnout of the journalists is mainly reflected in the decline of work enthusiasm and efficiency, the decline of the ability of job innovation, the decrease of social responsibility, the dislocation of role, the lack of morality and so on. In a word, this paper tries to make a detailed, concrete and effective analysis of the target of job burnout by using the methods of investigation, literature research and data statistical analysis. Specifically, from the analysis of the paper media, journalists, burnout and other related concepts, combined with the statistical results of the questionnaire survey, further analysis of the profound meaning of job burnout, comprehensively combing the plight of newspaper reporters, Finally, the corresponding countermeasures are proposed, that is, from the aspects of mental health training, system and system construction, institutional management, personal safety protection, incentive and reward, etc., the paper journalists can alleviate job burnout and gradually build a positive and progressive team. Physical and mental health, optimistic and enterprising press team, this is the inevitable trend of historical development, but also a very important research topic we are facing.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G214.2

【共引文献】