利益相关者共生视角下昆曲保护性旅游开发研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 04:09

本文关键词：利益相关者共生视角下昆曲保护性旅游开发研究　出处：《江苏师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：上世纪,在联合国的推动下,非物质文化遗产的保护问题逐渐得到国际社会的关注,而“非物质文化遗产”这一概念也获得了大众认可,非物质文化遗产的抢救和保护工作逐渐提上日程。几千年的文明史留给中国丰厚的物质文化遗存以及种类繁多非物质文化遗产,保护和利用好这些先辈们的遗产对于保证民族文化的完整性和延续性,对于实现中华民族的重新崛起,有着重大作用。但我国非物质文化遗产分布广、种类多的特点,以及资金短缺、从业人员少等现实问题也决定了我国的非物质文化遗产保护工作不可能一帆风顺。因此,以旅游开发反哺非物质文化遗产保护工作成为我国非物质文化保护工作的新途径。本文以昆曲为研究对象,对利益相关者理论、共生理论及可持续发展理论进行回顾和总结;并以苏州昆曲为案例,从利益相关者角度出发,探讨旅游开发过程中所涉及的利益主体,通过实地调研和科学分析,提出昆曲遗产地旅游开发核心利益相关者主要包括当地政府、旅游企业、当地居民、旅游者及遗产传承人;然后,运用实地考察、调查问卷、访谈等研究方法,对昆曲遗产地核心利益相关者的利益诉求进行实地调研,采用因子分析法归纳核心利益群体的利益诉求及利益冲突,并基于以上研究结论对各核心利益相关者进行生态位分析、共生条件分析,最终构建适合昆曲遗产地保护性旅游开发的对称互惠一体化共生模型,并提出相应发展对策。通过研究本文主要得到以下结论:第一,昆曲遗产地旅游开发核心利益相关者主要涉及当地政府、旅游企业、当地居民、旅游者及遗产传承人;第二,文化效益、经济效益及社会效益是各核心利益主体比较关注的利益诉求,其中,遗产传成人最为关注文化效益;第三,遗产地现有旅游开发运作模式为间歇性非对称互惠共生模式,该模式不利于遗产地旅游的健康发展,不符合保护性旅游开发的内在要求,需要向对称互惠一体化共生模式演变;第四,可以通过升级利益保障机制,构建利益补偿机制,改进利益分配机制等方法,确保遗产地共生模式的转变,最终实现遗产地旅游业的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:In 0th century, under the promotion of the United Nations, the protection of intangible cultural heritage gradually got the attention of the international community, and the concept of "intangible cultural heritage" was also accepted by the public. The rescue and protection of intangible cultural heritage is gradually put on the agenda. Thousands of years of civilization history left China rich material and cultural heritage and a wide variety of intangible cultural heritage. To protect and make good use of these ancestors' heritage is of great importance to ensure the integrity and continuity of national culture and to realize the re-emergence of the Chinese nation, but the intangible cultural heritage of our country is widely distributed. Many kinds of characteristics, as well as the shortage of funds, fewer employees and other practical problems also determine that China's intangible cultural heritage protection work can not be smooth. Tourism development and protection of intangible cultural heritage has become a new approach to the protection of intangible culture in China. This paper takes Kunqu Opera as the object of study and the theory of stakeholders. The theory of symbiosis and the theory of sustainable development are reviewed and summarized. And take Suzhou Kunqu Opera as a case, from the angle of stakeholders, explore the main stakeholders involved in the process of tourism development, through field research and scientific analysis. The key stakeholders of Kunqu Opera heritage development include local government, tourism enterprises, local residents, tourists and heritage inheritors. Then, using the field investigation, questionnaire, interviews and other research methods, Kunqu heritage of the core interests of stakeholders to conduct field research. Factor analysis is used to sum up the interest demands and conflicts of the core interest groups, and based on the above conclusions, the niche analysis and symbiotic condition analysis of the core stakeholders are carried out. Finally, the symmetrically reciprocal symbiotic model suitable for the development of protective tourism in Kunqu Opera heritage area is constructed, and the corresponding development countermeasures are put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: first. The core stakeholders of Kunqu Opera heritage tourism development mainly involve local government, tourism enterprises, local residents, tourists and heritage inheritors; Secondly, cultural benefits, economic benefits and social benefits are the main interests of the core interests concerned, among which, the heritage of adults pay most attention to cultural benefits; Third, the existing tourism development mode of heritage sites is intermittent asymmetric reciprocal symbiosis, which is not conducive to the healthy development of heritage tourism, and does not meet the inherent requirements of the development of protective tourism. It needs to evolve to symbiotic and reciprocal symbiotic model; In 4th, we can ensure the transformation of the symbiotic mode of heritage land by upgrading the mechanism of interest protection, constructing the mechanism of interest compensation and improving the mechanism of interest distribution, and finally realize the sustainable development of tourism in heritage areas.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J82;F592.6

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