乡村旅游创业机会识别实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 20:42

本文关键词：乡村旅游创业机会识别实证研究　出处：《旅游学刊》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：乡村旅游促进了农民增收和农村经济社会发展,创业者识别和开发创业机会是乡村旅游发展的前提,但现有研究对此问题鲜有关注。机会识别是创业研究的核心问题,是其社会资本、先前经验等多种因素综合作用下的认知过程。文章基于乡村旅游创业者调查数据,对社会资本、先前经验与创业机会识别的作用机理进行了实证研究。研究发现,社会资本的网络规模和网络资源、先前经验中的创业经验、行业经验和职能经验等要素对创业机会识别有显著的正向影响,创业警觉性起部分中介作用。创业者所嵌入的网络规模越大,在相关部门任职和正在创业的亲友资源越多,能够识别的创业机会就越多;拥有较多先前创业经验、行业经验、职能经验,能显著提高其识别创业机会的可能性。而创业警觉性对上述影响机制起到了显著的中介作用,即社会资本和先前经验不仅直接影响创业者的创业机会识别,还通过促进认知层面创业警觉性的提高,间接地对创业机会识别产生作用。基于此,本文提出创业者个体和政府部门两个方面的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Rural tourism promotes farmers' income and rural economic and social development. Entrepreneurs identify and develop entrepreneurial opportunities is the premise of rural tourism development. However, there is little attention to this problem in existing research. Opportunity identification is the core issue of entrepreneurial research and its social capital. The cognitive process under the influence of various factors such as previous experience. This paper is based on the survey data of rural tourism entrepreneurs on social capital. The empirical study shows that the network scale and network resources of social capital and the entrepreneurial experience in previous experience. Factors such as industry experience and functional experience have a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial opportunity identification, entrepreneurial alertness plays a part of the intermediary role. The larger the scale of the network embedded by entrepreneurs. The more resources of relatives and friends who work in the relevant departments and are starting a business, the more entrepreneurial opportunities can be identified; Having more previous entrepreneurial experience, industry experience and functional experience can significantly improve the possibility of identifying entrepreneurial opportunities, and entrepreneurial alertness plays a significant role in mediating the above influencing mechanism. That is, social capital and previous experience not only directly affect entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial opportunity identification, but also indirectly affect entrepreneurial opportunity recognition by promoting cognitive level entrepreneurship awareness. This article puts forward two aspects of policy advice: individual entrepreneurs and government departments.
【作者单位】：华南农业大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“农村社区环境、产业特性与涉农家族企业创业研究”和“农村社区参与、企业合法性与农业创业企业成长研究”(71202082;71673090)资助~~
【分类号】：F592;F320
【正文快照】： 1问题的提出 20世纪90年代中后期开始,乡村旅游模式从国外传入,并在中国一些都市周边区域形成超速发展态势[1]。近20年来,农家乐一直是乡村旅游发展的主要形态。一方面,农家乐作为乡村旅游的一种业态形式,使都市居民得到所需的休闲旅游场所的同时体验到与大自然和谐相处的

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