我国遗产类旅游景区门票定价研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 04:48

本文关键词： 遗产类旅游景区门票价格动态博弈拍卖　出处：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国遗产类旅游景区的门票价格大幅上涨,引起了社会各界广泛关注。遗产类旅游资源作为一种准公共产品,是人类罕见且无法替代的财富,是全人类公认的具有突出意义和普遍价值的文物古迹及自然景观。由于极为稀缺,遗产类旅游景区对游客的独特吸引力是其他旅游资源无法替代的。然而,我国遗产类旅游景区的现状是：高昂的门票悄然改变了遗产景区准公共产品的性质,将大众挡在了景区门外,不仅有违社会公平,而且对旅游经济的持续发展不利。本文首先分析了我国遗产类旅游景区的现行体制,然后根据经营主体的不同动机,借助完全信息动态博弈模型,分析不同经营动机下导致的不同结果,并且分析各参数对结果的影响。本文在研究了我国遗产类旅游景区的产权制度和定价机制的基础上认为,我国现有的遗产景区高票价是不合理的,而造成不合理票价的根本原因在于缺乏一套科学的制度安排。目前,遗产类景区的所有权在国家,管理权和经营权在地方,有些遗产景区所在地政府将经营权以收取费用的方式转让给承包商,承包商以垄断定价方式收取门票,最终形成了高昂票价,而利用公共资源攫取垄断利润的作法本身缺乏法理支持。另外,地方政府在管理、经营遗产类旅游景区时,过分强调景区带来的门票经济效益,忽视了对其他旅游相关产业的开发。本文认为,改变遗产景区不合理高票价现状根本在于建立一套科学的管理制度。首先,改变遗产景区分散管理和多头管理的模式,从向地方分权向中央集权管理模式推进。其次,加快遗产景区的立法,确定中央遗产景区管理机构和其他部门的权利边界。再次,建立一套科学的定价机制,在定价上直接压低门票价格,强化价格听证会的决策、监督作用。最后,在收费技术上加以改进,以累进收费取代传统的单价收费,以提高稀缺资源的分配效率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the ticket price of the heritage scenic spots in China has risen sharply, which has aroused widespread concern from all walks of life. As a quasi-public product, heritage tourism resources are rare and irreplaceable wealth of human beings. It is recognized by all mankind as a cultural relic and natural landscape of outstanding significance and universal value. As a result of its extremely scarce nature, the unique attraction of heritage tourist attractions to tourists is irreplaceable by other tourist resources. The present situation of the heritage scenic spots in China is that the high entrance tickets quietly change the nature of the quasi-public goods of the heritage scenic spots and keep the public out of the scenic spots which is not only against the social justice but also unfavorable to the sustainable development of the tourism economy. This paper first analyzes the current system of heritage scenic spots in China, then according to the different motives of the main business, with the help of the dynamic game model of complete information, analyzes the different results under different operating motives. On the basis of studying the property right system and pricing mechanism of the heritage scenic spots in our country, the author thinks that the high ticket price of the existing heritage scenic spots in our country is unreasonable. The fundamental reason for the unreasonable fares lies in the lack of a scientific institutional arrangement. At present, the ownership of heritage scenic spots lies in the state, and the management and management rights are in the local areas. In some heritage sites, the government transfers the right to operate to the contractor for a fee, and the contractor collects the tickets in a monopolistic way, resulting in a high price. However, the use of public resources to seize monopoly profits itself lacks legal support. In addition, when local governments manage and operate heritage tourism scenic spots, they overemphasize the economic benefits of tickets brought by scenic spots. Neglected the development of other tourism-related industries. In this paper, the author thinks that the basic way to change the unreasonable and high ticket price of heritage scenic spots is to establish a set of scientific management system. First of all, we should change the mode of decentralized management and multi-management of heritage scenic spots. From decentralization to centralized management mode. Secondly, speed up the legislation of heritage scenic spots, determine the rights of central administrative agencies and other departments. Thirdly, establish a set of scientific pricing mechanism. In order to improve the efficiency of the allocation of scarce resources, the pricing of tickets is directly lowered, and the decision-making and supervision of price hearings are strengthened. Finally, the technology of charging is improved, and the traditional unit price is replaced by progressive charges in order to improve the efficiency of allocation of scarce resources.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592

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