城市旅游饭店低碳行为影响因素作用机制研究

发布时间：2018-08-23 10:42

【摘要】：随着旅游对气候影响的作用逐渐被认识,旅游业的碳排放问题越来越受到社会关注。作为旅游业第二大碳排放途径,旅游饭店的低碳研究数量与其重要性、紧迫性不成正比。饭店产品的无形性、差异性、生产与消费同步性等特点导致碳排放难度量、单位产量碳排放不确定、低碳管理具有挑战性等低碳研究的特殊性,其专项研究刻不容缓。研究以能耗相对显著的城市旅游饭店为研究对象,在理论基础和文献研究成果的基础上,采用质性研究的访谈研究方法,通过编码归纳出城市旅游饭店低碳行为的七个影响因素,并通过案例研究初步验证了七个影响因素的作用。随后通过问卷调查的研究方法,对242家城市旅游饭店进行定量研究。通过统计描述、方差分析、相关分析、因子分析、结构方程模型,逐步构建了城市旅游饭店的低碳行为影响因素作用机制模型,揭示城市旅游饭店低碳行为的内外影响因素的作用机理。研究主要有以下三方面成果：第一,质性研究与量化研究相结合,实证探索了城市旅游饭店低碳行为的影响因素集,开发了城市旅游饭店低碳行为的本土化量表,了解了中国城市旅游饭店低碳行为现状。通过访谈的研究方法,对城市旅游饭店高层管理人员进行访谈调查,初步归纳出社会规范、政府规制、微观市场三个饭店外部影响因素,以及低碳管理、技术设备、感知效益、企业社会责任四个饭店内部影响因素。在外部性理论、市场和企业伦理理论、企业社会责任等理论的基础上,从理论争议问题入手,结合文献研究,提出研究假设。随后通过两次数据收集,采用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析等定量研究方法,开发了具有中国城市旅游饭店本土化特点的低碳行为影响因素测量量表,探索了各影响因素的关系和作用机理。制定了以员工低碳行为、管理者低碳行为、决策者低碳行为三个层次的低碳行为水平测度办法,并运用该量表对城市旅游饭店的低碳行为进行调查,了解了中国城市旅游饭店低碳行为现状。第二,发现城市旅游饭店低碳行为影响因素作用的层次性,构建了饭店低碳行为影响因素作用机制模型,实证证明了我国城市旅游饭店当前企业社会责任匮乏的现状。结构方程模型显示,饭店低碳行为的影响因素是具有不同层次和作用程度的影响因素集。通过多层次的直接和间接作用,形成饭店低碳行为的影响因素作用机制模型。研究探究了企业内外影响因素的作用机理,对城市旅游饭店低碳行为提出了的理论解释,为企业、市场、政府低碳行为提供决策依据。研究实证证明了饭店感知效益对企业社会责任正向影响。证实了企业社会责任理论争议观点的现实存在性。并由研究模型推断出中国城市旅游饭店当前的企业社会责任匮乏的重要结论。第三,在中国城市旅游饭店的情境下,将社会规范纳入饭店低碳行为影响因素中,完善了现有研究文献多注重经济因素,而比较忽视社会因素的现状,丰富了旅游企业低碳研究的视角。采用访谈方法编码归纳出城市旅游饭店低碳行为影响因素,跳出外部性理论单一的分析视角,提出将社会规范纳入城市旅游饭店低碳的影响因素中,在进行大量问卷调查之后,获得了我国城市旅游饭店低碳行为影响因素的第一手数据,并利用结构方程建模,对七个影响因素的复杂关系进行实证检验,证实了社会规范在饭店低碳行为的重要作用。研究结论为经济学和伦理学“冲突和矛盾”的关系提出了实证依据,为今后解决饭店企业低碳问题提供了新的路径和方法。还实证检验了规制理论在饭店低碳行为的应用,验证了市场环境对政府规制的直接作用,同时得出了社会规范影响微观市场和政府规制的重要结论,研究结论对规制理论的分歧问题、经济学与伦理学的对立统一问题、企业社会责任动因问题有了实证领域的验证和见解,进一步丰富了旅游企业低碳研究的视角。
[Abstract]:As the second largest way of carbon emission in tourism industry, the amount of low-carbon research in tourist hotels is not proportional to its importance and urgency. The invisibility, diversity, synchronization of production and consumption of hotel products lead to carbon emissions. It is urgent to study the particularities of low-carbon research, such as the amount of difficulty, the uncertainty of carbon emissions per unit output, and the challenge of low-carbon management. Seven influencing factors of low-carbon behavior in urban tourism hotels were identified and the effects of seven influencing factors were preliminarily verified by case study. Then 242 urban tourism hotels were quantitatively studied by questionnaire survey. Through statistical description, variance analysis, correlation analysis, factor analysis and structural equation model, a gradual construction was made. The model reveals the mechanism of the internal and external factors influencing the low-carbon behavior of urban tourism hotels.
Firstly, combining qualitative research with quantitative research, this paper empirically explores the influencing factors of low-carbon behavior of urban tourism hotels, develops a localization scale of low-carbon behavior of urban tourism hotels, and understands the status quo of low-carbon behavior of urban tourism hotels in China.
Through interviewing and investigating senior managers of urban tourist hotels, this paper summarizes three external factors of hotels: social norms, government regulations and micro-market, and four internal factors of hotels: low-carbon management, technical equipment, perceived benefits and corporate social responsibility. On the basis of ethical theory and corporate social responsibility theory, starting with theoretical controversies and combining with literature research, this paper puts forward research hypothesis. Then through two data collections, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis are used to explore the impact of low-carbon behavior on the localization of urban tourism hotels in China. Factor measurement scale explores the relationship and mechanism of various influencing factors. It establishes a low-carbon behavior level measurement method based on three levels: low-carbon behavior of employees, low-carbon behavior of managers and low-carbon behavior of decision-makers. It also uses the scale to investigate low-carbon behavior of urban tourism hotels and to understand the low-carbon behavior of urban tourism hotels in China. For the status quo.
Secondly, this paper finds out the hierarchy of influencing factors of low-carbon behavior of urban tourism hotels, and constructs a mechanism model of influencing factors of low-carbon behavior of hotels, which demonstrates the current situation of lack of corporate social responsibility of urban tourism hotels in China.
Structural equation model shows that the influencing factors of low-carbon Hotel behavior are set of influencing factors with different levels and degrees of action. Through multi-level direct and indirect effects, the influencing factors mechanism model of low-carbon Hotel behavior is formed. This paper puts forward a theoretical explanation to provide decision-making basis for enterprises, markets and government low-carbon behavior. The empirical study proves that perceived benefits of hotels have a positive impact on corporate social responsibility. Important conclusions of var.
Thirdly, in the case of China's urban tourism hotels, social norms are incorporated into the influencing factors of low-carbon Hotel behavior, which perfects the current research literature which pays more attention to economic factors and neglects social factors, thus enriching the perspective of low-carbon research of tourism enterprises.
By using interview method, this paper summarizes the influencing factors of low-carbon behavior of urban tourist hotels, jumps out of the single analysis perspective of externality theory, and puts forward that social norms should be included in the influencing factors of low-carbon behavior of urban tourist hotels. After a large number of questionnaires, the first-hand data of influencing factors of low-carbon behavior of urban tourist hotels in China are obtained. Using structural equation modeling, this paper makes an empirical test on the complex relationship among seven factors, confirms the important role of social norms in low-carbon behavior of hotels. It also empirically tests the application of regulation theory in low-carbon behavior of hotels, verifies the direct effect of market environment on government regulation, and draws important conclusions that social norms affect micro-market and government regulation, and studies the divergence of regulation theory, the unity of opposites between economics and ethics, and the motivation of corporate social responsibility. With the validation and insights from the empirical field, the problem has further enriched the perspective of low-carbon tourism research.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F719;F592

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