境外“信访”制度:经验与启示

发布时间：2018-08-21 11:29

【摘要】：境外存在一些类似我国信访制度的公民申诉制度。德国和我国香港地区在议会下设专门接受公民申诉机构解决公民申诉要求;瑞典开创了议会监察专员制度,监察专员享有调查权、建议权、公开调查结果权等;美国白宫和法国总统办公厅设专门公民通信机构,负责协调总统处理公民申诉,法国引进、改造瑞典的议会监察专员制度,采取了与瑞典不同的行政途径;日本采取富有特色的行政相谈制度,在官民对话中了解公民诉求;我国台湾和澳门地区及韩国也在不同机构分设相应公民申诉渠道。这些"信访"不同渠道有不同的优点和缺点,不可能靠一个渠道解决所有问题。应坚持"穷尽行政救济"原则,给予行政机关自我纠错机会;根据自身实际进行制度移植;注重民众的体会和感受,鼓励民
[Abstract]:There are a number of complaints system similar to the petition system in China. Germany and Hong Kong have set up special institutions under the parliament to accept citizens' complaints to solve citizens' complaints, Sweden has created the parliamentary ombudsman system, the ombudsman has the right of investigation, suggestion, and the right to make public the results of investigation, etc. The White House of the United States and the Office of the President of France set up a special civil communication agency, which is responsible for coordinating the President's handling of citizens' complaints. France has introduced and reformed Sweden's parliamentary ombudsman system, and adopted different administrative approaches from Sweden. Japan adopts a characteristic administrative dialogue system to understand the citizens' demands in the dialogue between the officials and the people, and Taiwan, Macao and South Korea also set up corresponding channels for citizens' complaints in different institutions. These "letter and visit" different channels have different advantages and disadvantages, can not rely on one channel to solve all problems. We should adhere to the principle of "exhausting administrative relief", give the administrative organs the opportunity to correct their own mistakes, transplant the system according to their own reality, pay attention to the people's experience and feelings, and encourage the people.
【作者单位】：国家食品药品监督管理总局高级研修学院博士后工作站;清华大学社会科学学院博士后流动站;
【分类号】：D632.8

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