微博在社会管理创新中的角色与功能研究

发布时间：2018-10-20 08:53

【摘要】：2009年8月,国内门户网站新浪推出了“新浪微博”内测版,凭借着即时、开放、便捷的优势在短时间内赢得了公众的认可,成为网络上最热门的应用。与Twitter相比,国内微博在功能上做了一些调整,将社交网络与信息发布平台的概念发挥到了极致。在保留了通信、社交功能的基础上,微博加强了其媒体与传播功能,这使得微博的社会性得到彰显。而处在转型期的中国社会正面临着比以往任何时候都更为复杂的社会环境。在经济发展过程中长期积累的各种社会矛盾、社会问题频频涌现,旧有的社会管理理念已经难以适应当今社会的发展,社会管理创新迫在眉睫。社会管理创新的重点在于还社会以自治空间,更强调社会力量的自我管理。微博能够提供一个广泛动员社会各界力量参与社会管理的平台,也能够唤醒民众的公民意识,激发公众参与社会管理的热情。同时,微博所具有的低门槛特性使得它拥有很好的群众基础,这为社会管理创新提供了便利。微博在社会管理理念的更新和社会管理方式的创新上将发挥不可小觑的力量。本文从微博所形成的新型传播方式、传播格局对社会管理提出的挑战入手,综合运用传播学、社会学、管理学等多学科理论对微博在社会管理创新中承担的角色与功能进行探析。作为社会管理创新的对象,微博呈现出虚拟性、开放性和复杂性的特征,存在的问题需要政府、微博平台提供商以及微博用户三方共同努力解决。作为社会管理创新的工具,微博不仅是社会压力减压阀、各方意见汇聚博弈平台,同时也扮演着社会管理创新主体联系纽带的角色。本文从政府、社会组织以及公民个体三个层面对微博在社会管理创新中的功能进行阐释。认为微博在政府层面主要发挥建设服务型政府以促进政府职能转变、重塑党群干群关系以助推廉政建设、发挥动员潜力以协同社会各方力量以及引导网上舆论以维护社会和谐稳定四大功能。在社会组织层面,主要发挥培育发展社会组织、反映各方利益诉求以及填补政府服务不足的功能。在公民个体层面,主要发挥唤醒民众公民意识、调动公众参与热情,推动社会自治的功能。文章最后对微博在社会管理创新实践中的应用现状进行分析,指出其存在的问题,并提出相应对策。
[Abstract]:In August 2009, the domestic portal Sina launched "Sina Weibo" internal test version, with the advantage of instant, open and convenient, it won public recognition in a short period of time and became the most popular application on the network. Compared with Twitter, Weibo has made some adjustments in function, bringing the concept of social network and information publishing platform into full play. On the basis of retaining communication and social functions, Weibo strengthened his media and communication functions, which made the social nature of Weibo manifest. Chinese society in transition is facing more complicated social environment than ever before. Various social contradictions accumulated for a long time in the process of economic development, social problems frequently emerge, the old social management concept has been difficult to adapt to the development of today's society, social management innovation is urgent. The emphasis of social management innovation lies in the autonomous space of society and the self-management of social forces. Weibo can provide a platform for mobilizing all sectors of society to participate in social management, arouse the citizen consciousness and arouse the enthusiasm of the public to participate in social management. At the same time, Weibo has the characteristic of low threshold, which makes him have a good mass base, which provides convenience for social management innovation. Weibo will play an important role in the renewal of social management concept and the innovation of social management style. This article starts with the new communication mode formed by Weibo and the challenge of communication pattern to social management, and makes comprehensive use of communication science and sociology. The role and function of Weibo in social management innovation are analyzed by multi-disciplinary theories such as management. As the object of social management innovation, Weibo presents the characteristics of fictitious, open and complex, and the existing problems need to be solved by the government, Weibo platform provider and Weibo user together. As a tool of social management innovation, Weibo is not only the pressure relief valve of the society, but also plays the role of the connecting link of the main body of social management innovation. This paper explains Weibo's function in social management innovation from three aspects: government, social organization and individual citizen. Weibo thinks that at the government level, he mainly exerts the construction of a service-oriented government to promote the transformation of government functions, and to reshape the relationship between the cadres and the masses of the party and the masses in order to promote the building of a clean Exerting mobilization potential to coordinate social forces and guide public opinion on the Internet to maintain social harmony and stability. At the level of social organization, the main function is to cultivate and develop social organization, to reflect the interests of all parties and to fill in the insufficiency of government service. At the level of individual citizen, the function of arousing the citizen consciousness, arousing the enthusiasm of public participation and promoting social autonomy is brought into play. Finally, the paper analyzes the current situation of Weibo's application in the practice of social management innovation, points out its existing problems, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630;G206

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