中国中央与地方政府的事权分配及其对老挝的启示
发布时间：2018-10-23 14:57
【摘要】：合理划分中央与地方政府间的事权,使权力在中央与地方关系框架内进行有张力的配置,不仅可以提高政府效率,调动和发挥中央与地方两个积极性,还可促进经济社会发展,使各级政府间关系更稳健。多年来,中国在中央与地方政府间的事权分配积累了丰富的经验和重大的成果。而老挝和中国有着较为相似的社会政治制度等,相较于其他国家,中国模式显然更适应于老挝。因此,借鉴和学习中国中央与地方政府间事权分配的宝贵经验和教训,对于不断完善老挝的革新政策,更好更快推动老挝行政体制改革具有重要意义。老挝建国至今,中央与地方政府事权分配改革先后经历了继承与初创、适应性调整、改革的深入与改革的发展四阶段,当下面临着机构设置不完善、权责不清晰、执行力不足等问题。老挝中央与地方政府事权分配已不能很好地适应老挝经济社会发展的需要,改革与发展势在必行。中国中央与地方间事权分配从高度集权到放权让利,再到政治集权与经济分权相结合的演变与发展,暴露了其中央与地方事权划分不清晰,缺乏具体细致的法律规定,中央与地方职责缺位、越位、错位现象严重,财政支出责任划分不合理等问题,也明确了其向公共服务均衡化、政治集权与经济分权相机合改革方向。在此基础上,本文得出了老挝中央与地方政府间事权分配应合理划公共服务职责权限,匹配其财权与事权,加强法制化建设,应根据经济发展的不同阶段均衡公共服务的供给,使其政治集权与经济分权相结合等启示意义。根据老挝的实际国情,老挝化中国经验,具体化相关政策措施,在行政体制改革中借鉴中国中央与地方间事权分配的成功经验与失败教训,对于老挝中央与地方间事权分配的行政体制改革,推动经济社会革新与发展意义重大。
[Abstract]:The rational division of the power between the central and local governments and the allocation of power within the framework of the relationship between the central and local governments can not only improve the efficiency of the government, arouse and give play to the initiative of the central and local governments, but also promote economic and social development. To make relations between governments at all levels more stable. Over the years, China has accumulated rich experience and great achievements in the distribution of power between central and local governments. Laos and China have similar social and political systems, and the Chinese model is obviously more suited to Laos than other countries. Therefore, it is of great significance to learn from the valuable experience and lessons of the distribution of administrative power between the central and local governments of China, which is of great significance for the continuous improvement of the reform policy of Laos and the promotion of the reform of the Lao administrative system better and faster. Since the founding of Laos, the central and local government power distribution reform has undergone four stages: inheritance and establishment, adaptability adjustment, deepening of reform and development of reform. At present, it is faced with imperfect institutional setup and unclear powers and responsibilities. Lack of execution and other problems. The distribution of administrative power between the central and local governments of Laos has not been able to meet the needs of Laos's economic and social development, so it is imperative to reform and develop. The distribution of administrative power between the central and local authorities in China has changed from a high degree of centralization to the devolution of power, and then to the evolution and development of the combination of political centralization and economic decentralization, which has exposed the lack of clear division between the central and local authorities and the lack of specific and detailed legal provisions. The absence of central and local responsibilities, offside, dislocation, unreasonable division of fiscal expenditure responsibilities, and so on, also make clear the reform direction to the equalization of public services, political centralization and economic decentralization. On this basis, this paper concludes that the distribution of administrative power between the central and local governments of Laos should reasonably assign the authority of public service responsibilities, match its financial and administrative powers, strengthen the construction of legalization, and balance the supply of public services according to the different stages of economic development. Make its political centralization and economic decentralization combined with enlightenment significance. According to the actual situation of Laos, the Laotian experience of China, the embodiment of relevant policies and measures, the successful experience and failure lessons of the distribution of administrative power between the central and local authorities in China are used for reference in the reform of the administrative system. It is of great significance for the reform of the administrative system of the distribution of administrative power between the central and local governments in Laos and the promotion of economic and social innovation and development.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630
本文编号：2289581
[Abstract]:The rational division of the power between the central and local governments and the allocation of power within the framework of the relationship between the central and local governments can not only improve the efficiency of the government, arouse and give play to the initiative of the central and local governments, but also promote economic and social development. To make relations between governments at all levels more stable. Over the years, China has accumulated rich experience and great achievements in the distribution of power between central and local governments. Laos and China have similar social and political systems, and the Chinese model is obviously more suited to Laos than other countries. Therefore, it is of great significance to learn from the valuable experience and lessons of the distribution of administrative power between the central and local governments of China, which is of great significance for the continuous improvement of the reform policy of Laos and the promotion of the reform of the Lao administrative system better and faster. Since the founding of Laos, the central and local government power distribution reform has undergone four stages: inheritance and establishment, adaptability adjustment, deepening of reform and development of reform. At present, it is faced with imperfect institutional setup and unclear powers and responsibilities. Lack of execution and other problems. The distribution of administrative power between the central and local governments of Laos has not been able to meet the needs of Laos's economic and social development, so it is imperative to reform and develop. The distribution of administrative power between the central and local authorities in China has changed from a high degree of centralization to the devolution of power, and then to the evolution and development of the combination of political centralization and economic decentralization, which has exposed the lack of clear division between the central and local authorities and the lack of specific and detailed legal provisions. The absence of central and local responsibilities, offside, dislocation, unreasonable division of fiscal expenditure responsibilities, and so on, also make clear the reform direction to the equalization of public services, political centralization and economic decentralization. On this basis, this paper concludes that the distribution of administrative power between the central and local governments of Laos should reasonably assign the authority of public service responsibilities, match its financial and administrative powers, strengthen the construction of legalization, and balance the supply of public services according to the different stages of economic development. Make its political centralization and economic decentralization combined with enlightenment significance. According to the actual situation of Laos, the Laotian experience of China, the embodiment of relevant policies and measures, the successful experience and failure lessons of the distribution of administrative power between the central and local authorities in China are used for reference in the reform of the administrative system. It is of great significance for the reform of the administrative system of the distribution of administrative power between the central and local governments in Laos and the promotion of economic and social innovation and development.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630
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