贵州省受艾滋病影响儿童救助政策执行研究
发布时间：2019-01-22 14:23
【摘要】：艾滋病作为当今全球社会面临的公共卫生问题和社会问题,其影响可谓深远。艾滋病病毒传播对社会、家庭尤其是儿童带来不可忽视的影响。随着我国艾滋病感染人数大幅度增加,受艾滋病影响儿童的数量也呈迅速增加态势。政府意识到与此相关问题的严重性后,从中央到地方,各相关部门先后出台了一系列保障受艾滋病影响儿童福利的法律、法规与政策。可是,在实际中往往出现政策执行偏差,落实不到位的现象,严重影响受艾滋病影响儿童福利保障政策的落实。近年来,贵州省艾滋病感染人数和死亡人数不断增加,是全国13个艾滋病疫情“一类”省份之一。关注受艾滋病影响儿童的救助政策及其执行无疑具有尤其重要的理论意义和实践意义。为深入了解贵州省受艾滋病影响儿童救助政策的执行状况,本人跟随贵州省民政厅、贵州省儿童收养和福利中心组织的“贵州省受艾滋病影响儿童福利保障”研究课题组,分别深入贵阳市区、遵义市、六盘水市、铜仁市、安顺市、黔东南、黔西南和黔南等地开展了为时一年多的实证调研。调查采取实地访谈和查阅文献两种方式:对当地民政部门、疾控中心、卫生部门和社会救助局等进行访谈,以了解国家和省有关受艾滋病影响儿童的福利政策和规定在各政府职能部门的执行情况以及各政府职能部门出台相应配套措施和政策执行力和效果。同时,在贵州省爱之缘关爱协会志愿者的协助下,从7个县市中选择较为典型的47名救助对象(其中男孩25人,女孩22人)个案进行采用结构式访谈,了解其生活学习医疗等救助状况,知晓所存在的困难以及帮扶与救济等需求状况,由此对所收集到的信息和数据资料作出较为客观的分析。通过对47个调查个案及相关政策执行部门的深度访谈,本论文有两点发现:第一,贵州省受艾滋病影响儿童救助政策在某些试点县落实到位;第二,对于其他不同地区的不同职能部门的救助政策执行过程中仍然存在不少问题。如隐私保护失效;相关职能部门协作不畅;基础信息缺乏;基本生活保障对象及范围有限;医疗保障水平不够高;教育保障缺乏;安置形式单一;资金及人员匮乏;发放程序复杂等。本文分析了导致各市县职能部门政策落实不到位的原因,主要是:执行主体对艾滋病的恐慌;政策宣传不到位;救助机制未系统有效建立;信息平台未有效的使用;部门协调机制不健全;监督评估机制不落实等。基于所存在的不足,本文提出从如下几个方面进行改进:提高执行人员的知识储备,消除对艾滋病的歧视与恐慌;加强执行机构间的沟通与协调;简化申请程序,防止信息泄露;地方出台配套政策、财政提供经费支持;健全监督与激励机制。
[Abstract]:AIDS, as a public health problem and a social problem in the world today, has a profound impact. The spread of HIV to the society, the family, especially children can not be ignored. With the increase of HIV infection in China, the number of children affected by AIDS is also increasing rapidly. After the government realized the seriousness of the related problems, from the central to the local, the relevant departments have issued a series of laws, regulations and policies to protect the welfare of children affected by AIDS. However, in practice, there is often a deviation in policy implementation, which seriously affects the implementation of welfare policy for children affected by AIDS. In recent years, the number of AIDS infections and deaths in Guizhou has been increasing, and it is one of the 13 "first class" provinces of the country. There is no doubt that it is of great theoretical and practical significance to pay attention to the aid policy for children affected by AIDS. In order to gain a better understanding of the implementation of the AIDS-affected Children's Relief Policy in Guizhou Province, I have followed the Research Group on "Welfare Protection for AIDS-affected Children in Guizhou Province" organized by the Guizhou Department of Civil Affairs and the Guizhou Center for Child Adoption and Welfare. In Guiyang City, Zunyi City, Liupanshui City, Tongren City, Anshun City, Southeast Guizhou, Southwest Guizhou and South Guizhou, more than a year of empirical research has been carried out. The survey was conducted through field interviews and literature review: interviews with local civil affairs departments, the CDC, the health sector and the Social Aid Bureau, etc. In order to understand the national and provincial welfare policies and regulations on AIDS-affected children in the implementation of the various government functional departments and the corresponding government functional departments issued corresponding measures and policy implementation and effectiveness. At the same time, with the help of volunteers from the Love and Love Association of Guizhou Province, 47 typical aid recipients (25 boys and 22 girls) were selected from 7 counties and cities to conduct structured interviews. It is necessary to understand the situation of life, study, medical treatment, the difficulties and the need for help and relief, so as to make an objective analysis of the information and data collected. Through the in-depth interviews with 47 investigation cases and related policy implementation departments, this paper has two findings: first, Guizhou province AIDS affected children in some pilot counties to implement the policy in place; Second, there are still many problems in the implementation of rescue policies for different functional departments in other regions. Such as failure of privacy protection; lack of coordination between relevant functional departments; lack of basic information; limited object and scope of basic living security; insufficient level of medical security; lack of educational security; single form of placement; lack of funds and personnel; Complex distribution procedures, etc. This paper analyzes the reasons why the policies of the functional departments of the cities and counties are not implemented, mainly as follows: the panic of the executive body on AIDS; the lack of policy propaganda; the lack of systematic and effective establishment of the relief mechanism; the lack of effective use of the information platform; The coordination mechanism of departments is not perfect; the mechanism of supervision and evaluation is not implemented. Based on the shortcomings, this paper puts forward the following aspects: to improve the knowledge reserve of the executive staff, to eliminate the discrimination and panic of AIDS, to strengthen the communication and coordination between the executive agencies; Simplify the application procedure to prevent information leakage; local government issued supporting policies and financial support; improve supervision and incentive mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.1
本文编号：2413298
[Abstract]:AIDS, as a public health problem and a social problem in the world today, has a profound impact. The spread of HIV to the society, the family, especially children can not be ignored. With the increase of HIV infection in China, the number of children affected by AIDS is also increasing rapidly. After the government realized the seriousness of the related problems, from the central to the local, the relevant departments have issued a series of laws, regulations and policies to protect the welfare of children affected by AIDS. However, in practice, there is often a deviation in policy implementation, which seriously affects the implementation of welfare policy for children affected by AIDS. In recent years, the number of AIDS infections and deaths in Guizhou has been increasing, and it is one of the 13 "first class" provinces of the country. There is no doubt that it is of great theoretical and practical significance to pay attention to the aid policy for children affected by AIDS. In order to gain a better understanding of the implementation of the AIDS-affected Children's Relief Policy in Guizhou Province, I have followed the Research Group on "Welfare Protection for AIDS-affected Children in Guizhou Province" organized by the Guizhou Department of Civil Affairs and the Guizhou Center for Child Adoption and Welfare. In Guiyang City, Zunyi City, Liupanshui City, Tongren City, Anshun City, Southeast Guizhou, Southwest Guizhou and South Guizhou, more than a year of empirical research has been carried out. The survey was conducted through field interviews and literature review: interviews with local civil affairs departments, the CDC, the health sector and the Social Aid Bureau, etc. In order to understand the national and provincial welfare policies and regulations on AIDS-affected children in the implementation of the various government functional departments and the corresponding government functional departments issued corresponding measures and policy implementation and effectiveness. At the same time, with the help of volunteers from the Love and Love Association of Guizhou Province, 47 typical aid recipients (25 boys and 22 girls) were selected from 7 counties and cities to conduct structured interviews. It is necessary to understand the situation of life, study, medical treatment, the difficulties and the need for help and relief, so as to make an objective analysis of the information and data collected. Through the in-depth interviews with 47 investigation cases and related policy implementation departments, this paper has two findings: first, Guizhou province AIDS affected children in some pilot counties to implement the policy in place; Second, there are still many problems in the implementation of rescue policies for different functional departments in other regions. Such as failure of privacy protection; lack of coordination between relevant functional departments; lack of basic information; limited object and scope of basic living security; insufficient level of medical security; lack of educational security; single form of placement; lack of funds and personnel; Complex distribution procedures, etc. This paper analyzes the reasons why the policies of the functional departments of the cities and counties are not implemented, mainly as follows: the panic of the executive body on AIDS; the lack of policy propaganda; the lack of systematic and effective establishment of the relief mechanism; the lack of effective use of the information platform; The coordination mechanism of departments is not perfect; the mechanism of supervision and evaluation is not implemented. Based on the shortcomings, this paper puts forward the following aspects: to improve the knowledge reserve of the executive staff, to eliminate the discrimination and panic of AIDS, to strengthen the communication and coordination between the executive agencies; Simplify the application procedure to prevent information leakage; local government issued supporting policies and financial support; improve supervision and incentive mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.1
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