论师陀的《果园城记》
发布时间：2018-11-15 18:09
【摘要】：师陀,是中国现代文学史上一位作品丰富且极具特色的作家,其小说集《果园城记》则集中体现了作家的艺术追求与艺术成就。作家具有创建性的以“城”为主体,从城内各人的视角出发,观照至整个果园城。在中国现代文学史上,独立为城列传的作者是极少的,文学史上我们所熟知的像鲁迅的“鲁镇”系列文章亦是为后来人所收集整理,而非作者自觉结集。至于《果园城记》则是师陀自觉以“城”为主体而作的一本完整的集子。这所具有的价值,无疑是值得被文学史铭记的。师陀少年离乡,前往北平,后流连于上海。作家相当一部分作品都是在“他乡”创作“故乡”。《果园城记》全书以作家心理意义上的故乡小城“果园城”这个地域空间命名。以果园城人与他们所属的城内空间为点,通过对果园城人众生相和果园城景致的描绘,勾连筑造出整个果园城,形成一个完整的叙事空间,绘制出果园城的完整面目与风貌。整个《果园城记》中,蕴着作家个人浓烈的情感,文字总是轻柔的。小说以回忆与现实穿插的手法、多重的视角、交叉的叙事对这座中原美丽的、凋敝的、冷漠的小城进行了细致的描述。作者笔下的果园城不单是果园城,而是中国的所有的小城,它的腐朽与落后正是整个中国的腐朽与落后。而它的城民的愚昧、无奈、痛苦与挣扎,也恰是全中国小城居民的投射。故事中的人物在时光的更迭中沉浮着,则映射出了全中国的人们在时代中的沉浮。这样具有独特审美追求与复杂情感的作品,使文本在具体的象征层面之外,更有了民族文化反思的意味。本文以1946年5月作为文艺复兴丛书第一辑,由上海出版公司出版的《果园城记》为叙述对象。文学史上,对作家师陀这本耗时八年,倾心而作小说集所具备的艺术特色与艺术成就的评价不一而足。而在本文中,对《果园城记》无论艺术或生活方面的表述,也将必然有着作为笔者“我”个人的认知维度与情感倾向。本论文分为四个章节,第一章从空间书写形态出发,基于果园城在参与文本叙事时所呈现出来的结构与形态,对文本叙事所存在的自足空间进行了细致描绘。第二章则聚焦于《果园城记》文本中所隐含的叙事策略,立足于叙事角度、叙事人称与叙事姿态,对作家的艺术技巧进行了剖析。第三章则从个体生命的存在出发,就文本中所出现的人物进行群体化的分类,对女性、知识分子、跋涉者、小人物等各自的生存景致进行了细致的分析。表现了作家试图从个体命运中折射出群体乃至更为深层的国民命运,并引发读者反思的诉求。第四章则就《果园城记》的艺术特色与成就进行了简析,从作家个人的创作心态与艺术追求出发对《果园城记》所展示出的迷人风貌做出较为详尽的挖掘,以期对《果园城记》的艺术特色与艺术成就做出细致而客观的评介。
[Abstract]:Shi Tuo is a writer with rich and characteristic works in the history of modern Chinese literature. His collection Orchard City embodies the writer's artistic pursuit and achievement. The writer takes the city as the main body and looks at the whole Orchard City from the angle of view of the people in the city. In the history of modern Chinese literature, there are very few independent writers in the history of modern Chinese literature. In the history of literature, we are familiar with a series of articles such as Lu Xun's "Lu Town", which are collected by later generations, but not consciously collected by the authors. As for Orchard City, it is a complete collection made by Shi Tuo. The value of this is undoubtedly worth remembering in the history of literature. Shi Tuo left his hometown, went to Peiping, and then lingered in Shanghai. Quite a part of the works of writers are composed in "hometown". The Book of Orchard City is named after the regional space of "Orchard City" in the psychological sense of the writer's hometown, "Orchard City". Taking Orchard City people and their own inner space as the point, through the description of Orchard City people and Orchard City scenery, the whole Orchard City is constructed, forming a complete narrative space and drawing the complete face and style of Orchard City. Throughout Orchard City, there is a strong personal feelings of the writer, the text is always soft. The novel describes the beautiful, desolate and indifferent town of the Central Plains with the techniques of recollection and reality, multiple perspectives and cross-narration. The Orchard City described by the author is not only the Orchard City, but also all the small cities in China. Its decay and backwardness are the decay and backwardness of the whole China. The folly, helplessness, pain and struggle of its people are also the projection of the whole Chinese small city residents. The characters in the story rise and fall in the change of time, reflecting the ups and downs of the whole Chinese people in the times. This kind of works with unique aesthetic pursuit and complex emotion makes the text have the meaning of reflection of national culture in addition to the specific symbolic level. In this paper, Orchard City, published by Shanghai Publishing Company, as the first edition of the Renaissance series in May 1946, is described. In the history of literature, the author Shi Tuo, who took eight years and devoted himself to the collection of novels, has been appraising the artistic characteristics and achievements. In this paper, the description of Orchard City, whether in art or life, will inevitably have the cognitive dimension and emotional tendency as the author's "I". This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter describes the self-contained space of text narration based on the structure and form of Orchard City. The second chapter focuses on the narrative strategy implied in Orchard City, based on the narrative angle, narrative person and narrative posture, and analyzes the artistic skills of the writer. The third chapter starts from the existence of individual life, classifies the characters in the text into groups, and makes a detailed analysis of the survival scenes of women, intellectuals, postscript participants, small figures and so on. It shows that the writer tries to reflect the group and even deeper national destiny from the individual fate, and causes the readers to reflect on their demands. The fourth chapter briefly analyzes the artistic characteristics and achievements of Orchard City, from the writer's personal creative mentality and artistic pursuit of the Orchard City to show a more detailed exploration of the charming style. In order to make a detailed and objective review of the artistic characteristics and achievements of Orchard City.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.42
本文编号：2334051
[Abstract]:Shi Tuo is a writer with rich and characteristic works in the history of modern Chinese literature. His collection Orchard City embodies the writer's artistic pursuit and achievement. The writer takes the city as the main body and looks at the whole Orchard City from the angle of view of the people in the city. In the history of modern Chinese literature, there are very few independent writers in the history of modern Chinese literature. In the history of literature, we are familiar with a series of articles such as Lu Xun's "Lu Town", which are collected by later generations, but not consciously collected by the authors. As for Orchard City, it is a complete collection made by Shi Tuo. The value of this is undoubtedly worth remembering in the history of literature. Shi Tuo left his hometown, went to Peiping, and then lingered in Shanghai. Quite a part of the works of writers are composed in "hometown". The Book of Orchard City is named after the regional space of "Orchard City" in the psychological sense of the writer's hometown, "Orchard City". Taking Orchard City people and their own inner space as the point, through the description of Orchard City people and Orchard City scenery, the whole Orchard City is constructed, forming a complete narrative space and drawing the complete face and style of Orchard City. Throughout Orchard City, there is a strong personal feelings of the writer, the text is always soft. The novel describes the beautiful, desolate and indifferent town of the Central Plains with the techniques of recollection and reality, multiple perspectives and cross-narration. The Orchard City described by the author is not only the Orchard City, but also all the small cities in China. Its decay and backwardness are the decay and backwardness of the whole China. The folly, helplessness, pain and struggle of its people are also the projection of the whole Chinese small city residents. The characters in the story rise and fall in the change of time, reflecting the ups and downs of the whole Chinese people in the times. This kind of works with unique aesthetic pursuit and complex emotion makes the text have the meaning of reflection of national culture in addition to the specific symbolic level. In this paper, Orchard City, published by Shanghai Publishing Company, as the first edition of the Renaissance series in May 1946, is described. In the history of literature, the author Shi Tuo, who took eight years and devoted himself to the collection of novels, has been appraising the artistic characteristics and achievements. In this paper, the description of Orchard City, whether in art or life, will inevitably have the cognitive dimension and emotional tendency as the author's "I". This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter describes the self-contained space of text narration based on the structure and form of Orchard City. The second chapter focuses on the narrative strategy implied in Orchard City, based on the narrative angle, narrative person and narrative posture, and analyzes the artistic skills of the writer. The third chapter starts from the existence of individual life, classifies the characters in the text into groups, and makes a detailed analysis of the survival scenes of women, intellectuals, postscript participants, small figures and so on. It shows that the writer tries to reflect the group and even deeper national destiny from the individual fate, and causes the readers to reflect on their demands. The fourth chapter briefly analyzes the artistic characteristics and achievements of Orchard City, from the writer's personal creative mentality and artistic pursuit of the Orchard City to show a more detailed exploration of the charming style. In order to make a detailed and objective review of the artistic characteristics and achievements of Orchard City.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.42
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