荀子道德教育思想对思想政治教育的启示

发布时间：2018-04-22 03:01

本文选题：荀子 + 道德教育思想　；参考：《南京师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：习近平总书记在文艺工作座谈会上指出,中华优秀传统文化是中华民族的精神命脉,我们要结合新的时代条件来传承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化。荀子的思想,尤其是其道德教育思想,尽管不可避免地带有历史局限性,然而作为中华传统文化的重要组成部分,对当今的思想政治教育具有重要的启示。荀子提出性恶论,将之作为其道德教育思想的逻辑起点。荀子提出“人之性恶,其善者伪也”,认为“性”乃人自然之本性,若不加以节制,则导致“性恶”;荀子将““性”与“伪”区别开来,提出“化性起伪”,为道德教育的必要性及可行性作出论证。在此基础上,荀子提出其道德教育的目标诉求,将目标分为培养“好法而行”之“士”、“笃志而体”之“君子”的基本目标和培育“齐明而不竭”之“圣人”的理想目标。荀子道德教育的内容丰富,涉及礼法、诚信、孝道、荣辱、生态等方面。他提倡崇礼隆礼、援法入礼,提出“诚信生神”,认为“以礼义事亲谓之孝”,提出“荣辱之来,必象其德”等相应观点。荀子在道德教育上亦提出了一系列切实有效的方法,有身教示范、环境熏陶等施教方法及学思结合、道德实践等自教方法。荀子道德教育思想对思想政治教育有着重要的启示,分别探讨荀子道德教育的目标、内容、方法对思想政治教育相应部分的启示,将之契合起来,是本文的一个创新努力。在目标方面,荀子的目标分层思想启示思想政治教育目标层次的明确与优化,即在坚持以思想政治教育根本目标为指导的基础上,促使思想政治教育具体目标多元发展,实现思想政治教育根本目标一元性与具体目标多元性的统一。在内容方面,以荀子道德教育的相关内容为借鉴和参考对思想政治教育的内容进行优化和丰富,以更好推进思想政治教育之法纪教育和道德教育,具体如中华民族传统美德教育、社会主义荣辱观教育以及生态道德教育的推进与深化。在方法方面,荀子丰富的施教方法及自教方法启示我们在思想政治教育中要善于运用方法:教育者需增强自身人格魅力、发挥榜样引领作用;需努力营造思想政治教育的良好氛围,具体如“家风”的培育,学校制度环境、物质环境、精神环境的优化与提升,社会良好的经济、政治、文化环境的培育;需掌握基本施教规律,促使教学双方共同成长;受教育者也应发挥自身的主观能动性,综合运用多种方法进行自我教育。
[Abstract]:General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the forum on literary and art work that Chinese excellent traditional culture is the spiritual lifeline of the Chinese nation, and that we should inherit and carry forward Chinese excellent traditional culture in the light of the new conditions of the times. Though Xunzi's thought, especially his moral education thought, inevitably has historical limitation, as an important part of Chinese traditional culture, it has important enlightenment to the ideological and political education nowadays. Xunzi put forward the theory of sexual evil as the logical starting point of his moral education thought. Xunzi proposed that "human nature is evil, its good man is false", and that "nature" is the nature of man, and if not controlled, it will lead to "evil nature"; Xunzi distinguishes "nature" from "pseudo" and puts forward the idea of "turning nature into false." The necessity and feasibility of moral education are demonstrated. On this basis, Xunzi put forward his goal of moral education and divided the goal into the basic goal of cultivating "scholar" of "good law and practice", the basic goal of "gentleman" of "sincere ambition" and the ideal goal of cultivating "sage" of "inexhaustible and inexhaustible". Xunzi's moral education is rich in contents, including etiquette, honesty, filial piety, honor and disgrace, ecology and so on. He advocated the worship of Rites, the aid of the law into the Rites, put forward the "honesty to create God", thought that "courtesy and righteousness as the filial piety", put forward "honor and disgrace come, must be like its virtue" and other corresponding views. Xunzi also put forward a series of practical and effective methods in moral education, such as teaching demonstration, environment edification and self-teaching methods such as combination of learning and thinking, moral practice and so on. The thought of Xunzi's moral education has important enlightenment to ideological and political education. It is an innovative effort of this paper to discuss separately the goal, content and method of Xunzi's moral education and to combine it with the corresponding part of ideological and political education. In terms of objectives, Xunzi's goal stratification thought enlightens the clarity and optimization of ideological and political education goal level, that is, on the basis of adhering to the basic goal of ideological and political education, it promotes the multi-development of the concrete goal of ideological and political education. To realize the unity of the basic goal of ideological and political education and the pluralism of concrete goal. In terms of content, the contents of ideological and political education are optimized and enriched based on the relevant contents of Xunzi's moral education, so as to better promote the law education and moral education of ideological and political education. Such as Chinese traditional virtue education, socialist concept of honor and disgrace education and ecological moral education to promote and deepen. In terms of methods, Xunzi's rich teaching methods and self-teaching methods enlighten us to be good at using methods in ideological and political education: educators need to enhance their own personality charm, play a leading role; We should make great efforts to create a good atmosphere of ideological and political education, such as the cultivation of "home style", the optimization and promotion of school system environment, material environment and spiritual environment, and the cultivation of social good economic, political and cultural environment. It is necessary to master the basic law of teaching and to promote both sides of teaching to grow together, and the educatee should give play to his subjective initiative and comprehensively use a variety of methods to carry out self-education.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G41

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