曾国藩道德教育思想及其当代启示研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 17:16

本文选题：曾国藩 + 道德教育　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：清代名臣曾国藩,乃晚清鸿儒、理学大师,是清代著名的政治家、军事家和思想家,去世之时获得清廷国葬的最高优待,在中国历史上影响很深。以伦理道德为视角,曾国藩道德教育思想独具一格,成效显著,其言行中蕴含着博大的人生智慧。曾国藩成长于危机四伏的封建社会晚期,1840年鸦片战争后,中国沦为半殖民地半封建社会,清政府面临对内阶级矛盾加深,对外民族危机加深的危险局面。在内忧外患的历史背景下,曾国藩道德教育思想的产生具体可从理论渊源和实践渊源加以阐述。在理论渊源方面,其道德教育思想主要来源于儒家内圣外王思想、墨家勤俭思想、道家静虚思想、湖湘地域人民倔强坚韧性格特质及经世致用理学思想等。在实践来源方面,主要来源于曾氏家族勤俭孝悌的世传家风、良师益友的提携帮助及曾国藩自身不懈追求和丰富经历等。通过梳理曾国藩的生平事迹与研读家书、日记、诗文、奏牍,曾国藩道德教育思想可总结为修身、齐家、为官三个方面。曾国藩在修身方面,以八德、四端、三治来自勉和育人。在齐家方面,他治家有方,崇尚孝悌仁爱、勤俭谦逊、治学修身、睦邻慎交,使得曾氏家族贤才辈出,世代福泽绵延。在为官方面,他清正廉洁、忠于职守、慎重用人、经世致用,并在晚清剧变的政治环境中功成身退。曾国藩道德教育思想对促进当下个人修身、治家、为官均具有重要启示,主要表现在以下三个方面。在个人修身方面,应加强个人道德修养、提高个人反思能力和自制力、培养持之以恒的品质;在治家方面,应形成良好的家风家教、培养进德明理之人、养成豁达的财富观;在为官方面,应提高拒腐防变能力、坚守勤政务实的工作作风、坚持正确的选人用人导向。曾国藩的道德教育思想对提升个人思想道德品质、促进家庭和谐友爱、提高行政人员服务水平、加强社会主义精神文明建设和弘扬中华民族传统文化均具有重大意义。
[Abstract]:As a famous statesman, strategist and thinker of the Qing Dynasty, Zeng Guofan, a famous scholar of Confucianism and a master of science in the late Qing Dynasty, received the highest preferential treatment at the time of his death, which had a profound influence on the history of China. From the point of view of ethics and morality, Zeng Guofan's moral education thought is unique and effective, and his words and deeds contain extensive wisdom in life. Zeng Guofan grew up in the late period of the perilous feudal society. After the Opium War in 1840, China became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Under the historical background of internal and external troubles, Zeng Guofan's moral education thought can be elaborated from theoretical and practical sources. In terms of theoretical origin, its moral education thought mainly comes from Confucian thought of internal saints and external kings, Mohist thought of diligence and thrift, Taoist ideology of quiet hypocrisy, stubborn and tough character of the people in Huxiang region, and the thought of applying Neo-Confucianism to the world and so on. In terms of practical sources, it mainly comes from the family style of being diligent, thrifty and filial, the help of good teachers and friends, and Zeng Guofan's unremitting pursuit and rich experience. Through combing Zeng Guofan's life story and studying family letters, diaries, poems and essays, the moral education thoughts of Zeng Guofan can be summed up in three aspects: self-cultivation, family unity, and official service. Zeng Guofan in self-cultivation, with eight virtues, four ends, three to encourage and educate people. In the Qi family, he has a good family, advocating filial piety, benevolence, frugality and humility, learning and self-cultivation, good neighborliness and careful friendship, so that the Zeng family talent, generation after generation Fuze extended. As an official, he was honest and honest, devoted to his duties, prudent in employing people, and retired in the political environment of the great changes of the late Qing Dynasty. Zeng Guofan's moral education thought has the important enlightenment to promote the present personal self-cultivation, to govern the family, to serve as the official, mainly manifests in the following three aspects. In the aspect of personal self-cultivation, we should strengthen personal moral self-cultivation, improve individual self-reflection ability and self-control, cultivate persistent quality, form good family style and family education, train people who enter morality and reason, cultivate open-minded outlook on wealth; In the aspect of officials, we should improve our ability to resist corruption, stick to the pragmatic work style and stick to the correct selection and employment orientation. Zeng Guofan's thought of moral education is of great significance to the promotion of personal ideological and moral quality, the promotion of family harmony and fraternity, the improvement of the service level of administrative personnel, the strengthening of socialist spiritual civilization construction and the promotion of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G41

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