高中生地理绘图能力培养策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 18:30

本文关键词：高中生地理绘图能力培养策略研究　出处：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地理图像具有直观、形象、简明等特点,是多功能的信息载体。地理图像能力是高中生地理素养的核心,包括读图能力,绘图能力,析图能力,用图能力等。地理绘图能力既是地理图像技能的基本组成部分,又是培养地理思维的重要方式,对高中生地理绘图能力及培养进行研究,能够深化对地理绘图能力的理论认识,也对改进高中地理教学、提升学生地理素质和推动高中地理课程改革具有重要意义。论文主要包括六大部分：地理绘图能力研究现状综述、地理绘图能力概述、高中生地理绘图能力现状调查与分析、高中生地理绘图能力培养策略、有关培养策略的实证研究、基本结论和研究中的问题与不足。在研究方法上,以文献法、调查法和实证研究为主。以高中地理课程标准要求为基本出发点,在查阅大量文献的基础上,对高中生绘图能力现状进行调查,进而提出提高学生绘图能力的培养策略并进行实证分析以检验所提策略的有效性。通过探究,得到以下基本结论。地理绘图能力是指学生在绘制地理图像时所具备的本领、技巧及利用图像绘制的方式来学习地理知识、解答地理问题的能力。高中阶段,地理绘图类型可分为八类：绘示意图、绘统计图、绘等值线图、绘区域简图、绘知识结构图、制电子图、填制表格、绘制其它图像等。以湖南省示范性高中桂阳县第三中学的高三学生为研究对象,通过调查分析可知当前高中生绘图能力堪忧,表现为绘图兴趣和绘图意识较薄弱、各类图像的绘图技能较差、绘图应用意识和应用能力不足等,亟需采取有效策略进行培养。高中生地理绘图能力的培养可分为三个阶段：绘图准备阶段、绘图技能训练阶段、绘图应用阶段,这三个阶段的关系既是循序渐进的,也是相互制约联系的。绘图准备阶段的培养策略为：增强学生绘图意识、激发学生绘图兴趣、培养良好绘图习惯、全面提升学生图像能力等。绘图技能训练阶段的培养策略为：善于看图—眼中有图；勤于画图——手中有图；乐于思图——脑中有图等。绘图应用阶段的培养策略为：借助情境,启发学生应用绘图；树立典型,激励学生应用绘图；运用学案,有序提高应用绘图能力；鼓励创新,灵活变化应用绘图方式等。最后本文采用上述培养策略,选择了一节区域地理课程进行案例分析,通过实证对比研究,验证了所述培养策略的有效性。并在结语中指出了本研究中在文献查阅、问卷调查、实证研究等方面尚存在的不足之处。
[Abstract]:Geographical image is a multi-functional information carrier with the characteristics of intuition, image and conciseness. Geographical image ability is the core of geography literacy of senior high school students, including reading ability, drawing ability and analyzing ability. The ability of geographic mapping is not only a basic part of geographical image skills, but also an important way to cultivate geographical thinking. This paper studies the ability and cultivation of geography mapping of senior high school students. It can deepen the theoretical understanding of geography mapping ability, but also improve the senior high school geography teaching. It is of great significance to improve the students' geography quality and promote the reform of geography curriculum in senior high school. The thesis mainly includes six parts: a summary of the current situation of the research on the ability of geographical mapping and an overview of the ability of geography mapping. The present situation investigation and analysis of senior high school students' geography drawing ability, the strategy of cultivating high school students' geography drawing ability, the empirical research on the cultivation strategy, the basic conclusion and the problems and shortcomings in the research. In the research method, the literature method is used. Based on the investigation and empirical research, this paper investigates the current situation of senior high school students' drawing ability based on consulting a lot of literature and taking the high school geography curriculum standard as the basic starting point. And then put forward the training strategies to improve the students' drawing ability and carry out empirical analysis to test the effectiveness of the proposed strategies. The following basic conclusions are drawn. The ability of geographical mapping refers to the students' skills, skills and the ability to learn geography knowledge and solve geographical problems by using the method of image drawing. The types of geographical drawing can be divided into eight categories: drawing schematic map, drawing statistical map, drawing isoline map, drawing area diagram, drawing knowledge structure chart, making electronic map and filling in form. Drawing other images and so on. Taking the third middle school students of Guiyang County of Hunan Province as the research object, through the investigation and analysis, we can know that the current high school students' drawing ability is worrying. It shows that the interest and consciousness of drawing are weak, the skills of drawing are poor, and the consciousness and ability of application of drawing are not enough. The cultivation of high school students' geography drawing ability can be divided into three stages: drawing preparation stage, drawing skill training stage and drawing application stage. The relationship between these three stages is not only gradual but also mutually restricted. The training strategy of drawing preparation stage is to strengthen students' drawing consciousness, arouse students' interest in drawing, and cultivate good drawing habits. The training strategies of drawing skills training stage are: good at looking at pictures-there are pictures in eyes; Be diligent in drawing-there are pictures in your hands; The cultivation strategy of drawing application stage is: with the help of situation, enlighten students to apply drawing; Set up the model, encourage students to apply drawing; Using the study plan to improve the ability of applying drawing in an orderly way; Encourage innovation, flexible changes in the application of mapping methods. Finally, this paper adopts the above training strategy, selected a regional geography course for case analysis, through empirical comparative study. In the conclusion, the author points out the shortcomings of this study in literature review, questionnaire survey, empirical research, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.55

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