对取消高考体育加分政策公平性的探析

发布时间：2018-06-05 01:05

本文选题：公平 + 高考　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：高考加分政策目的在于维护高考公平正义,给处在弱势或具有特殊才能的考生予以补偿和鼓励。但自2004年至今高考体育加分造假愈演愈烈,这也使得高考体育加分政策遭人诟病。2004.6.25《南方周末》曝光西安市高考体育加分造假；2006.6.14《中国青年报》曝光湖南省高考体育加分造假；2007-2009《中国青年报》连续三年曝光浙江省高考体育加分造假；2010年厦门国际马拉松赛曝出多名高中生作弊丑闻,而他们都是冲着二级运动员证来的；2014年辽宁省本溪市高级中学和河南省漯河市高级中学被曝高考体育加分存在造假行为。针对目前高考体育加分造假事件的不断发生,教育部为了彻底杜绝高考体育、艺术加分造假,于2014年9月4号颁布了《国务院关于深化考试招生制度改革的实施意见》,其中在“改革招生录取机制”第一条便明确指出大幅减少高考加分项目和严格控制高考加分项目数量,并从2015年开始取消高考体育与艺术等特长生加分政策。高考体育加分政策从出台实施到现在己发展了30多年,它对维护高考公平正义、破除唯分数论、促进我国素质教育和体育事业的发展起到了至关重要的作用。虽然它在近年发展中出现了诸多问题,但它在当下社会中依然有存在的必要,如今国家取消高考体育加分政策,未免有因噎废食之嫌,有损高考公平正义。因此本文以高考体育加分政策为研究对象,以维护和促进高考的公平和正义为出发点,对于促进教育公平和社会公平具有现实意义。论文分为五部分：第一部分,主要阐述了本题研究背景、研究目的、研究意义、研究方法,并对目前我国高考加分政策研究现状进行综述。第二部分,首先对高考公平的内涵和属性进行阐述；其次对高考体育加分政策的相关概念进行界定；最后对高考加分政策公平性的判断原则进行分析,主要从个体层面和群体层面进行论述。第三部分,一对高考体育加分政策的发展历程进行概述：我国高考体育加分政策分为三个阶段,第一阶段为高考体育加分政策确立阶段(1983年-2000年)；第二阶段为高考体育加分政策的异化发展阶段(2001年-2010年)；第三阶段为高考体育加分政策终结阶段(2010年-2014年)。二分析高考体育加分政策的特点。三对我国高考体育加分政策的理论基础及加分对象的公平性进行分析。四提出取消高考体育加分政策不合理及原因：(1)高考体育加分政策推动我国素质教育发展弥补唯分数论弊端；(2)高考体育加分政策有利于引导学生锻炼增强学生身体素质；(3)高考体育加分政策有利于促进我国体育后备人才多元化的培养；(4)高水平运动员成才周期长,训练艰苦应给与多种导向激励。第四部分,首先分析现阶段高考体育加分政策所面临的问题；其次分析根本原因,笔者归类为两点：高考体育加分政策本身的原因和社会原因。政策本身原因有：(1)政策的制定方面；(2)政策的实施方面；(3)政策的监督问责方面。社会原因有：(1)考试文化的影响；(2)高考的附加功能；(3)分省定额录取政策；(4)社会阶层的复制性；(5)考试法不健全等。第五部分,针对高考体育加分政策面临的问题提出相应的改进对策和建议：(1)从高考政策的制定、实施、以及监督三方面进行；(2)加快出台有关高考的专门法案；(3)建立高考政策的公平规则体系。
[Abstract]:The purpose of the high - entrance examination plus separation policy is to maintain the fairness and justice of the college entrance examination , to compensate and encourage candidates who are in a weak or special ability . However , since 2004 , there has been a growing number of college entrance examinations .
2006 - Jun . 14 The Chinese Youth Daily exposed Hunan University Entrance Examination Sports Add - off ;
In 2007 - 2009 , China Youth Daily gave a continuous three - year exposure to Zhejiang University Entrance Examination Sports Add - off ;
In 2010 , Xiamen International Marathon has exposed many high school students to cheating scandals , and they are all rushed to secondary players .
In order to improve the fairness and justice of college entrance examination , the author points out that there is a great deal of problems in the development of college entrance examination .
Secondly , it defines the related concepts of the high - entrance examination sports plus - separation policy ;
At last , the author analyses the principle of judging the fairness of the gaokao ' s policy , mainly from the individual level and the group level . In the third part , the author gives an overview of the development course of the high - entrance examination sports plus - score policy : the first stage is the stage of the high - entrance examination sports plus - score policy ( 1983 - 2000 ) ;
The second stage is the differentiation and development stage ( 2001 - 2010 ) of the high - entrance examination sports plus - separation policy ;
The third stage is the final stage of college entrance examination ( 2010 - 2014 ) .
( 2 ) The high school entrance examination sports bonus policy is beneficial to guide the students to exercise and strengthen the students ' physical quality ;
( 3 ) To promote the diversification of sports reserve talents in China ;
( 4 ) The long period of the high - level athletes , and the training and hardship should be given various guide incentives . The fourth part , firstly , analyzes the problems faced by the current high - level college entrance examination and separation policy ;
Secondly , the basic reason is analyzed , and the author classifies it as two points : the reason and the social reason of the policy itself . The reasons of the policy are : ( 1 ) the formulation of the policy ;
( 2 ) the implementation of the policy ;
( 3 ) The social reasons include : ( 1 ) the impact of the examination culture ;
( 2 ) the supplementary function of college entrance examination ;
( 3 ) the quota enrollment policy of the province ;
( 4 ) the replicability of the social stratum ;
( 5 ) The examination law is not perfect , etc . The fifth part puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the problems faced by the high school entrance examination policy : ( 1 ) from the formulation , implementation and supervision of the examination policy ;
( 2 ) To expedite the introduction of a special bill on the examination of college entrance examination ;
( 3 ) To establish the fair rules system of the policy of college entrance examination .
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.96

【参考文献】