高中文言文“学案导学”教学模式改进的行动研究

发布时间：2018-08-11 16:27

【摘要】：高中语文教学中,文言文教学是不可缺少的组成部分。但传统的以教师讲授为主的教学方式,使大部分学生对文言文学习失去了兴趣,学习效果也不好。“学案导学”教学模式适应了新课程改革的需求,并取得了较好的实践效果。但笔者在使用“学案导学”模式进行文言文教学的实践中,发现这一模式有很多方面并不适合文言文基础知识较薄弱的偏远地区学校的学生和少数民族学生的学习。因此本研究从学生和教师两个角度去了解“学案导学”模式在偏远地区高中文言文教学中的使用情况,客观评价此模式在文言文课堂上的效果,探究高中文言文教学中这一模式的不足,思考如何改进才能更适合偏远地区学生的文言文学习。本文首先阐明了此研究的目的和意义,并对高中文言文教学和“学案导学”教学模式的相关内容进行了综述;同时确定了研究的思路和主要研究方法。在论文的主体部分,重点陈述了研究实施的过程,并对前后两轮行动研究的实践效果进行了比较分析:第一轮研究,从学案的编写,教学实施过程中的观察,和课后访谈中分析出,使用不进行改进的“学案导学”教学模式给偏远地区学生教学文言文时,虽在课堂氛围、学生学习主动性等方面较以教师“讲授”为主的课堂有所改善,但仍存在一些不足,例如学生预习不到位、学生学习负担加重等问题;第二轮行动研究,针对第一轮研究中发现的问题,对“学案导学”教学模式在学案和教学实施两方面进行改进,并进行教学实践。通过比较两轮行动研究教学效果的差异及其原因分析,本研究得出的结论是:在偏远地区的高中文言文教学中,对“学案导学”教学模式在学案和教学的实施过程应进行必要改进,使其更符合当地学校的教学实际,更有利于学生的文言文学习。在学案编写方面的改进策略是:(一)编写预习学案,督促学生预习;(二)简注拓展内容,提醒教师进行拓展;(三)设置教师讲授内容,讲授文章偏难内容;(四)学案与练习资料结合,减轻学生负担。教师在教学实施方面的改进策略是:(一)尽快转变观念,熟练使用新模式;(二)处理好“言”“文”关系,突出文言文教学特点;(三)注重学生诵读,培养学生语感;(四)重视预习检查,把握学生基础;(五)督促学生复习,温故而知新;(六)使用多样评价,激发学生潜能;(七)关注每位学生,平等共同进步。
[Abstract]:In high school Chinese teaching, classical Chinese teaching is an indispensable part. However, the traditional teaching method, which is mainly taught by teachers, makes most students lose interest in classical Chinese learning, and the learning effect is not good. The teaching mode of "Learning Plan guiding Learning" adapts to the needs of the new curriculum reform and achieves good practical results. However, in the practice of teaching classical Chinese with the model of "Learning Plan guiding Learning", the author finds that there are many aspects which are not suitable for the study of students and ethnic minority students in remote schools with weak basic knowledge of classical Chinese. Therefore, from the perspective of students and teachers, this study tries to understand the use of the model in the teaching of classical Chinese in high schools in remote areas, and objectively evaluates the effect of the model in the classical Chinese classroom. This paper probes into the deficiency of this mode in the teaching of classical Chinese in senior high school, and thinks about how to improve the learning of classical Chinese for students in remote areas. This paper first expounds the purpose and significance of this study, and summarizes the relevant contents of the teaching mode of classical Chinese in senior high school and the teaching mode of "Learning Plan guiding Learning". At the same time, it determines the train of thought and main research methods of the study. In the main part of the thesis, the author mainly states the process of the research implementation, and makes a comparative analysis of the practical effects of the two rounds of action research: the first round of research, the preparation of the study case, the observation in the course of teaching implementation, And after class interviews, it was found that the use of the unimproved "learning plan guidance" teaching model to teach classical Chinese to students in remote areas had improved in terms of classroom atmosphere and students' initiative in learning, as compared with the classroom in which teachers were the main "lecturers". However, there are still some shortcomings, such as students' lack of preparation and heavy burden of study, and the second round of action studies aimed at the problems found in the first round of research, The teaching mode of "Learning Plan guiding Learning" is improved in two aspects: learning plan and teaching implementation, and teaching practice is carried out. By comparing the differences of teaching effects between the two rounds of action research and their causes, this study concludes that: in the teaching of classical Chinese in high schools in remote areas, It is necessary to improve the teaching mode of "Learning Plan guiding Learning" in the process of learning plan and teaching so as to make it more in line with the teaching practice in local schools and be more beneficial to the students' classical Chinese learning. The strategies for improving the preparation of the study plan are: (1) to prepare a preview plan to urge the students to prepare the study plan; (2) to brief notes on expanding the contents and remind the teacher to expand; (3) to set up the teaching content of the teacher, Teaching articles difficult content; (4) the combination of learning plan and practice materials to reduce the burden on students. The improvement strategies of teachers in teaching implementation are: (1) to change ideas as soon as possible and to use the new model skillfully; (2) to deal well with the relationship between "speech" and "text" and to highlight the characteristics of classical Chinese teaching; (3) to pay attention to students' reading, Cultivate students' sense of language; (4) attach importance to preview inspection, grasp the basis of students; (5) urge students to review, learn from the new; (6) use a variety of evaluation, stimulate students' potential; (7) pay attention to every student, equal common progress.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.3

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