我国中小学突发事件成因与对策研究

发布时间：2019-01-03 19:52

【摘要】：中小学生是祖国的未来,是国家的希望。当前国际社会动荡不安,国内社会处在快速的转型阶段,使得不稳定因素增多。而中小学生年龄小、自我防御能力低、辨别是非能力差,成为了我们应给予更多关注和保护的群体,学校是他们学习、生活的重要场所,学校安全是中小学生健康成长的基础,同时也是维护社会和谐稳定的重要方面。论文是通过对近两年中小学突发事件的梳理、分析总结出其发生机理,运用文献研究法和就近实地调查法对我国中小学突发事件的应急管理预案、应急管理体制、应急管理机制和应急管理法制进行阐述。文章的主体内容主要包括了:通过论文的选题背景和选题意义,提出了研究具有的实际价值,结合国内外研究现状,归纳了中小学突发事件的内涵,其中包括突发事件的概念、中小学突发事件的定义、中小学突发事件的特征和分类;在此基础上,对中小学突发事件的现状进行了描述,分析了中小学突发事件的原因,对内涵做了深化和补充;结合应急管理的“一案三制”,提出了中小学应急预案、中小学应急体制、机制和法制四个方面;通过作者的实证调查,分析了中小学突发事件应对的现状,同时分别从预案、应急体制、机制和法制四个角度分析了中小学是如何应对突发事件的;通过上述研究作者对中小学应对突发事件提出了六项对策,分别是管理主体的意识重塑、加强重视预案环节、健全安全管理制度、构建和完善中小学突发事件应对法、深化多部门的协同工作、构建和谐的社会气氛,为有效的提高中小学应对突发事件的能力;最后,鉴于作者自身知识的有限性提出了不足和对今后学习、研究的展望。总之,论文的逻辑脉络是比较清晰的,阐释突发事件及中小学突发事件的概念、特点和分类,对当下中小学突发事件的现状和原因进行叙述,从应急预案、应急管理体制、机制和法制的视角把中小学应对突发事件作为一个整体进行了论述,提出相应的对策,为以后再次发生类似事件提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Primary and middle school students are the future of the motherland, is the hope of the country. At present, the international society is unstable, and the domestic society is in a rapid transition stage, which makes the unstable factors increase. The small age of primary and middle school students, their low self-defense ability and poor ability to distinguish between right and wrong have become a group that we should pay more attention to and protect. School is an important place for them to learn and live, and school safety is the basis for the healthy growth of primary and secondary school students. At the same time, it is also an important aspect of maintaining social harmony and stability. This paper analyzes and sums up the occurrence mechanism of emergencies in primary and secondary schools in the past two years, and applies the literature research method and field investigation to the emergency management plan and emergency management system in primary and secondary schools in China. The mechanism of emergency management and the legal system of emergency management are expounded. The main content of the article mainly includes: through the background and significance of the selected topic, put forward the actual value of the research, combined with the current research situation at home and abroad, summed up the connotation of emergencies in primary and secondary schools, including the concept of emergencies, The definition of emergencies in primary and secondary schools, the characteristics and classification of emergencies in primary and secondary schools; On this basis, this paper describes the current situation of emergencies in primary and secondary schools, analyzes the causes of emergencies in primary and secondary schools, and deepens and complements the connotation. Combined with the "one case three system" of emergency management, the paper puts forward four aspects: the emergency plan, the system, the mechanism and the legal system of the primary and secondary schools. Through the author's empirical investigation, this paper analyzes the current situation of the emergency response in primary and secondary schools, and analyzes how the primary and secondary schools deal with emergencies from the four angles of contingency plan, emergency system, mechanism and legal system. Through the above research, the author puts forward six countermeasures to deal with the emergency in primary and middle schools. They are the remolding of the consciousness of the management subject, the strengthening of paying attention to the preparatory plan, the perfection of the safety management system, and the construction and improvement of the emergency response law in the primary and middle schools. Deepen the cooperation of various departments, build a harmonious social atmosphere, in order to effectively improve the ability of primary and secondary schools to deal with emergencies; Finally, in view of the limitation of the author's own knowledge, the author puts forward the deficiency and prospects for future study. In short, the logic of the thesis is relatively clear, explaining the concept, characteristics and classification of emergencies and primary and secondary school emergencies, the current situation and causes of emergencies in primary and secondary schools are described, from the emergency plan, emergency management system, From the perspective of mechanism and legal system, this paper discusses the response of primary and secondary schools to emergencies as a whole, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures to provide a theoretical basis for the recurrence of similar incidents in the future.
【学位授予单位】：河南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G637

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