高中平面向量教学现状分析及对策研究
发布时间：2019-01-07 12:21
【摘要】：随着数学教育的不断发展和日益完善,世界各国纷纷展开了相应的数学课程改革。早在19世纪30年代,西方发达国家甚至日本等国家就已经开始关注向量,甚至将其设置为中学数学教育的核心内容。然而,我国的向量教学起步较晚,在某种程度上来讲,教师和学生对其认识都不够充分,因此造成了我国高中向量教学现状中存在的种种问题。本文试图对我国高中阶段平面向量的教学现状进行一些调查探究和总结,以期对目前的平面向量教学现状进行一些积极的改进。本文立足于《普通高中数学课程标准(实验)》,详细地分析了里面有关“平面向量”的教学内容和教学要求等,并利用问卷调查进一步了解高中生对平面向量的掌握程度与“标准”要求的差异,包括四个方面——向量的概念、向量的运算、向量的性质及定理、向量的应用。随后将学生按调查结果分为四个等级,并随机抽出三名进行个案分析,了解并分析造成差异的具体原因。另一方面,基于课堂教学的有效性分析对教师进行访谈,获得教师的教学现状。其中,笔者从上述的调查分析中得出了相应的教学现状。其一是学生的学习现状,即(1)缺乏背景知识的认识；(2)缺乏类比和正确迁移;(3)欠缺发散思维的养成和运用；(4)欠缺用数学解决实际问题的能力。其二是教师的教学现状,有“重成绩,轻能力”之嫌。最终,笔者结合自己的教学实践,提出更有效的平面向量的教学策略,以供参考。主要包括以下背景引入、教学过程、教学效果三个方面：(1)结合向量的物理背景和几何表示教学;(2)运用多种教学方法进行向量的教学;(3)提倡开放式学习。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and improvement of mathematics education, various countries all over the world have launched the corresponding mathematics curriculum reform one after another. As early as 1930's, the western developed countries and even Japan began to pay attention to vector, and even set it as the core content of mathematics education in middle school. However, vector teaching starts late in our country. To some extent, teachers and students do not know enough about vector teaching, which results in all kinds of problems in vector teaching in senior high school. This paper attempts to investigate and summarize the present situation of plane vector teaching in senior high school in China, in order to make some positive improvements to the present situation of plane vector teaching. Based on the ordinary Senior Middle School Mathematics Curriculum Standard (experiment), this paper analyzes in detail the teaching contents and teaching requirements of the "plane vector". The difference between the master degree of plane vector and "standard" requirement of senior high school students is further understood by questionnaire, including four aspects: the concept of vector, the operation of vector, the nature and theorem of vector, and the application of vector. Then the students were divided into four grades according to the results of the investigation, and three students were randomly selected for case analysis to understand and analyze the specific reasons for the difference. On the other hand, based on the analysis of the effectiveness of classroom teaching, teachers are interviewed and the present situation of teaching is obtained. Among them, the author from the above-mentioned investigation and analysis of the corresponding teaching situation. One is the present situation of students' study, that is, (1) lack of understanding of background knowledge; (2) lack of analogy and correct transfer; (3) lack of cultivation and application of divergent thinking; (4) lack of ability to solve practical problems with mathematics. The second is the present situation of teachers' teaching. Finally, combining with my teaching practice, the author puts forward more effective teaching strategy of plane vector for reference. It mainly includes the following three aspects: (1) combining the physical background of vector with geometric representation; (2) using various teaching methods to teach vector; (3) advocating open learning.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.6
本文编号：2403659
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and improvement of mathematics education, various countries all over the world have launched the corresponding mathematics curriculum reform one after another. As early as 1930's, the western developed countries and even Japan began to pay attention to vector, and even set it as the core content of mathematics education in middle school. However, vector teaching starts late in our country. To some extent, teachers and students do not know enough about vector teaching, which results in all kinds of problems in vector teaching in senior high school. This paper attempts to investigate and summarize the present situation of plane vector teaching in senior high school in China, in order to make some positive improvements to the present situation of plane vector teaching. Based on the ordinary Senior Middle School Mathematics Curriculum Standard (experiment), this paper analyzes in detail the teaching contents and teaching requirements of the "plane vector". The difference between the master degree of plane vector and "standard" requirement of senior high school students is further understood by questionnaire, including four aspects: the concept of vector, the operation of vector, the nature and theorem of vector, and the application of vector. Then the students were divided into four grades according to the results of the investigation, and three students were randomly selected for case analysis to understand and analyze the specific reasons for the difference. On the other hand, based on the analysis of the effectiveness of classroom teaching, teachers are interviewed and the present situation of teaching is obtained. Among them, the author from the above-mentioned investigation and analysis of the corresponding teaching situation. One is the present situation of students' study, that is, (1) lack of understanding of background knowledge; (2) lack of analogy and correct transfer; (3) lack of cultivation and application of divergent thinking; (4) lack of ability to solve practical problems with mathematics. The second is the present situation of teachers' teaching. Finally, combining with my teaching practice, the author puts forward more effective teaching strategy of plane vector for reference. It mainly includes the following three aspects: (1) combining the physical background of vector with geometric representation; (2) using various teaching methods to teach vector; (3) advocating open learning.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.6
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 黄进岳;;平面向量在解析几何中的应用[J];中学数学;2012年11期
，本文编号：2403659
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