《先秦诸子选读》与中学生说理能力的培养
发布时间：2019-01-08 07:11
【摘要】：说理能力在人的全面发展中是必不可少的能力之一。目前,中学生的说理能力培养受到了各方面的局限。在口头说理与说理文的写作方面均被忽略。因此出现口头说理时,语言表达缺乏逻辑；说理文写作观点陈旧,论述单调等多方面的缺失。笔者认为中学生必须具备说理的能力,这不仅是应试教育的要求,更是中学生身心全面发展,适应社会的需要。所以,如何解决引发中学生说理能力欠缺的诸多弊病,已成为中学语文教学亟待解决的问题。《先秦诸子选读》选入了许多文质兼美的说理散文,其中蕴含着先秦诸子强烈的说理意识和精湛的说理技巧,是培养中学生说理能力的优秀资源。就选读课本中出现的对话式说理以及逻辑严密的专题说理文章,均可以作为训练中学生口头说理和说理文写作能力的重要教学资源。对于中学语文教学,也可以完全吸收先秦诸子散文的魅力提升学生的文化素养。如何充分的发挥《先秦诸子选读》的作用,帮助一线教师培养中学生的说理能力。笔者结合自身的教学经验以及与一线教师的探讨后,得到一些经验和启示。即从先秦诸子的说理情怀与中学生说理意识培养；先秦诸子的论说与中学生口头说理的培养；先秦诸子的说理论证文与中学生说理文写作能力的培养这三个方面发挥《先秦诸子选读》的价值,培养中学生的说理能力。论文在第二章中分析了孔子、孟子、荀子和墨子的说理意识,进而从“激发学生社会责任感”、“培养中学独立思考意识”两个方面培养中学生的自主说理意识；第三章首先分析中学生口头说理存在的问题,其次从《论语》、《孟子》、《荀子》的选文中探究其口头说理的技巧,最后从“整合文本,提炼口头说理技巧”、“开展活动,运用口头说理技巧”两个方面培养中学生的口头说理能力；第四章中则结合中学生说理文写作的缺失,主要分析《先秦诸子选读》中的专题性说理文的写作技巧和方法,再从“打破课本顺序,开展专题练习”、“激发说理兴趣,课堂及时练笔”、“课后及时评改,做好巩固训练”三个方面培养中学生说理文的写作能力。文章重点论述《先秦诸子选读》对中学生口头说理能力和说理文写作能力两个方面的内容。发掘《先秦诸子选读》在中学生说理培养上的价值,培养中学生优良的说理能力。
[Abstract]:Reasoning ability is one of the essential abilities in the overall development of human beings. At present, the reasoning ability of middle school students is limited by various aspects. Both oral reasoning and argumentative writing are ignored. Therefore, there is a lack of logic in verbal reasoning, and a lack of ideas and monotony in the writing of argumentations. The author thinks that middle school students must have the ability of reasoning, which is not only the requirement of examination-oriented education, but also the comprehensive development of middle school students' body and mind to meet the needs of the society. Therefore, how to solve the problems that lead to the lack of reasoning ability of middle school students has become an urgent problem to be solved in middle school Chinese teaching. It contains the strong reasoning consciousness and exquisite reasoning skills of the pre-Qin school students and is an excellent resource to cultivate the reasoning ability of middle school students. Both the conversational reasoning and the highly logical monographic argumentation can be used as important teaching resources to train the students' writing ability of oral reasoning and argumentative writing. For middle school Chinese teaching, we can also absorb the charm of pre-Qin prose to enhance students' cultural literacy. How to give full play to the role of "selected readings of Pre-Qin School students", to help teachers train the reasoning ability of middle school students. Based on my own teaching experience and the discussion with the teachers, I get some experience and enlightenment. That is to say, the cultivation of the reasoning feelings of the pre-Qin schools of thought and the reasoning consciousness of the middle school students, the theory of the pre-Qin schools of thought and the cultivation of the oral reasoning of the middle school students; The essay of argumentative argumentation and the cultivation of the writing ability of the middle school students in the pre-Qin period bring into play the value of the selected readings of the pre-Qin philosophers and cultivate the reasoning ability of the middle school students. In the second chapter, the thesis analyzes the reasoning consciousness of Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi and Mozi, and then develops the independent reasoning consciousness of middle school students from the aspects of "arousing students' sense of social responsibility" and "cultivating the consciousness of independent thinking in middle schools". The third chapter first analyzes the problems existing in oral reasoning of middle school students, then probes into the techniques of oral reasoning from the selected texts of Analects of Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi, and finally from "integrating text, refining oral reasoning skills", "carrying out activities." Using oral reasoning skills "two aspects to cultivate students' oral reasoning ability;" The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the writing skills and methods of the thematic argumentations in the selected readings of the Pre-Qin philosophers, and then from "break the sequence of textbooks, carry out special exercises", "stimulate the interest in reasoning", the fourth chapter combines with the lack of the writing of the middle school students' argumentation. Practice the pen in time in class, and improve the writing ability of the middle school students in the following three aspects: timely evaluation after class and good consolidation training. This paper focuses on the two aspects of students' oral reasoning ability and argumentative writing ability. To explore the value of "selected readings of Pre-Qin School students" in the cultivation of middle school students' reasoning, and to cultivate their excellent reasoning ability.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.34
本文编号：2404281
[Abstract]:Reasoning ability is one of the essential abilities in the overall development of human beings. At present, the reasoning ability of middle school students is limited by various aspects. Both oral reasoning and argumentative writing are ignored. Therefore, there is a lack of logic in verbal reasoning, and a lack of ideas and monotony in the writing of argumentations. The author thinks that middle school students must have the ability of reasoning, which is not only the requirement of examination-oriented education, but also the comprehensive development of middle school students' body and mind to meet the needs of the society. Therefore, how to solve the problems that lead to the lack of reasoning ability of middle school students has become an urgent problem to be solved in middle school Chinese teaching. It contains the strong reasoning consciousness and exquisite reasoning skills of the pre-Qin school students and is an excellent resource to cultivate the reasoning ability of middle school students. Both the conversational reasoning and the highly logical monographic argumentation can be used as important teaching resources to train the students' writing ability of oral reasoning and argumentative writing. For middle school Chinese teaching, we can also absorb the charm of pre-Qin prose to enhance students' cultural literacy. How to give full play to the role of "selected readings of Pre-Qin School students", to help teachers train the reasoning ability of middle school students. Based on my own teaching experience and the discussion with the teachers, I get some experience and enlightenment. That is to say, the cultivation of the reasoning feelings of the pre-Qin schools of thought and the reasoning consciousness of the middle school students, the theory of the pre-Qin schools of thought and the cultivation of the oral reasoning of the middle school students; The essay of argumentative argumentation and the cultivation of the writing ability of the middle school students in the pre-Qin period bring into play the value of the selected readings of the pre-Qin philosophers and cultivate the reasoning ability of the middle school students. In the second chapter, the thesis analyzes the reasoning consciousness of Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi and Mozi, and then develops the independent reasoning consciousness of middle school students from the aspects of "arousing students' sense of social responsibility" and "cultivating the consciousness of independent thinking in middle schools". The third chapter first analyzes the problems existing in oral reasoning of middle school students, then probes into the techniques of oral reasoning from the selected texts of Analects of Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi, and finally from "integrating text, refining oral reasoning skills", "carrying out activities." Using oral reasoning skills "two aspects to cultivate students' oral reasoning ability;" The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the writing skills and methods of the thematic argumentations in the selected readings of the Pre-Qin philosophers, and then from "break the sequence of textbooks, carry out special exercises", "stimulate the interest in reasoning", the fourth chapter combines with the lack of the writing of the middle school students' argumentation. Practice the pen in time in class, and improve the writing ability of the middle school students in the following three aspects: timely evaluation after class and good consolidation training. This paper focuses on the two aspects of students' oral reasoning ability and argumentative writing ability. To explore the value of "selected readings of Pre-Qin School students" in the cultivation of middle school students' reasoning, and to cultivate their excellent reasoning ability.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.34
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
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3 陈美霞;;论《先秦诸子散文选读》教学对中学生的影响[J];现代语文(教学研究版);2014年10期
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