项目教学法在职业学校听障学生教学中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 22:09

本文关键词：项目教学法在职业学校听障学生教学中的应用研究　出处：《山东师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国社会经济和信息技术的快速发展，各行各业对人才的培养提出了更高的要求，各类中高等职业院校都在尝试教学改革和创新，在教学方法百花齐放的过程中，项目教学法在普通中高等职业教育的专业教学中得到了较好的实践和应用。听障学生是我国在校残疾学生中最庞大的群体，他们的成才也代表了社会发展和我国教育的进步，在教学过程中采用适合他们的教学方法对听障学生知识、技能和能力的提高至关重要。我国近些年在职业教育中提倡“工学结合”的教学理念，因此也大力推进项目教学法的实践应用，根据文献资料，很多专家学者以及特教教师基于听障学生的身心发展特点，大力倡导在听障学生的专业教学中采用项目教学法，但是相关的研究较少，不够系统，尤其是在具体实践应用中存在很多问题。因此，笔者作为听障学生的专业课教师从实践者的角度对听障学生专业教学中的项目教学法进行系统的研究，形成具体的实践流程和数据论证就显得尤为重要。中高职特殊教育学校是听障学生步入社会的重要阶梯，教师应在教学过程中积极探索和创新教学方法，笔者针对这一特殊群体，基于教学实践中创新教学方法的经验，认为在教学过程中应用项目教学法更加符合听障学生的身心发展特点。项目教学法将传统教学法的“以教师、课本、课堂为中心”的原则转变为“以学生、项目、实际经验为中心”，教师由教学主体转变为主导者，在项目开展和实施过程中处于引导者和组织者的角色，学生由被动学习者转变为教学主体，基于先前的学习经验自主学习，主动建构知识，所开展的项目都是与企业中的真实项目相一致，有助于激发学生的学习兴趣，增强师生、生生以及学生与社会的交流，使听障学生在教学过程中逐渐与社会接轨。本文从职业学校听障学生课堂教学方法改革中的需求出发，采用了问卷调查法、文献归纳法、个案分析法、访谈法等研究方法，在充分分析了解听障学生不同于健听学生的身心发展特点以及特校教师职业特殊性的基础上，阐述了项目教学法的发展历史，分析了在项目教学开展和实施过程中遇到的现状和问题，对项目教学法的基本理念进行剖析，设计出适合听障学生项目教学法的应用策略和模式建构，详细论述了项目教学法在听障学生教学中的具体实施方法以及注意事项。基于教育技术理论分析、听障学生分析以及具体教学实践分析，，笔者系统的建构了听障学生项目教学法的流程，对课堂上的具体操作进行了模式建构，分析整理了在教学实践中遇到的问题，提供一些可借鉴的解决方法，对整个实践过程进行反思，通过调查和问卷数据有力的论证了项目教学法对听障学生学习的积极作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy and information technology in our country, various industries have put forward higher requirements for the cultivation of talents. All kinds of secondary and higher vocational colleges are trying to reform and innovate teaching. In the course of the teaching method, the project teaching method has been well practiced and applied in the specialized teaching of ordinary middle and higher vocational education. The hearing impaired students are the largest group among the disabled students in our country. Their success also represents the development of society and the progress of education in our country. In the process of teaching, appropriate teaching methods are adopted to the students with hearing impairment. The improvement of skills and ability is very important. In recent years, our country advocates the teaching idea of "combination of work and study" in vocational education, so we also vigorously promote the practical application of the project teaching method, according to the literature. Many experts and scholars as well as special teachers based on the characteristics of the physical and mental development of hearing-impaired students strongly advocate the use of project-based teaching methods in the professional teaching of hearing-impaired students but the relevant research is less and less systematic. In particular, there are many problems in the practical application. Therefore, the author, as a professional teacher of hearing impaired students, makes a systematic research on the item teaching method in the professional teaching of hearing impaired students from the perspective of practitioners. It is very important to form concrete practice flow and data demonstration. Special education school is an important step for hearing impaired students to step into society. Teachers should actively explore and innovate teaching methods in the process of teaching. The author aims at this special group. Based on the experience of innovating teaching methods in teaching practice, it is considered that the application of project-based teaching method in teaching process is more in line with the characteristics of the physical and mental development of hearing-impaired students. The principle of "classroom as the center" has been transformed into "taking students, projects and practical experience as the center", and teachers have changed from teaching subjects to leaders and organizers in the course of project development and implementation. Students from passive learners to teaching subjects, based on previous learning experience of autonomous learning, active construction of knowledge, the development of projects are consistent with the real projects in the enterprise. It helps to stimulate students' interest in learning and enhance the communication between teachers and students, students and students as well as between students and society. This paper starts from the needs of the reform of classroom teaching methods of hearing impaired students in vocational schools, adopts the method of questionnaire, literature induction and case analysis. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of hearing impaired students' physical and mental development as well as the professional particularity of teachers in special schools, this paper expounds the history of the development of project-based teaching methods. This paper analyzes the present situation and problems encountered in the course of carrying out and implementing the project teaching, analyzes the basic concept of the project teaching method, and designs the application strategy and mode construction of the project teaching method suitable for the students with hearing impairment. This paper discusses in detail the concrete implementation method and points for attention of the item teaching method in the teaching of hearing impaired students. Based on the theoretical analysis of educational technology, the analysis of students with hearing impairment and the analysis of specific teaching practice, the author systematically constructs the process of project teaching method for students with hearing impairment, and constructs the mode of concrete operation in the classroom. This paper analyzes and sorts out the problems encountered in the teaching practice, provides some solutions for reference, and reflects on the whole practice process. Through the investigation and questionnaire data, the positive effect of item teaching method on the learning of hearing impaired students was demonstrated.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G762

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