我国农民工培训效果分析

发布时间：2018-03-30 09:02

本文选题：农民工　切入点：培训效果　出处：《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2015年06期

【摘要】：众所周知,我国农民工文化水平普遍较低、专业技能普遍较差,这不仅影响了农民工的就业和收入,影响了企业的技术进步,也影响了我国产业结构的优化升级和经济发展方式的转变。农民工培训,作为提高农民工人力资本的一种重要投资形式越来越受到人们的关注。目前,关于农民工培训的文献更多偏重于描述分析和理论分析,由于受到数据可得性方面的限制,仅有少数研究文献对农民工培训效果进行了实证分析,但所得结果并不一致,在很多问题上还没有形成共识,因此,对农民工培训效果的研究仍需利用更加可靠而又有代表性的数据和科学的方法加以深入研究。通过对2007年CHIP数据和2010年计生委数据分析发现,从总体上看,培训能使农民工月均工资提高6%左右。女性的培训收益率高于男性。企业内部提供的培训比社会提供的培训对农民工月均工资影响更大;与工作相关的技能培训比与工作无关的技能培训、一般性培训对农民工月均工资影响更大;户籍地政府提供的培训比户籍地以外政府提供的培训对农民工月均工资影响更大。上述结论蕴含的主要政策含义是,各级政府部门要更加重视农民工的培训工作,建立高效的农民工培训体系,激励企业担当农民工培训的主要角色,以更大限度地提升农民工的技能和劳动生产率。
[Abstract]:As we all know, the educational level of migrant workers in our country is generally low, and their professional skills are generally poor, which not only affects the employment and income of migrant workers, but also affects the technological progress of enterprises. It also affects the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure and the transformation of the mode of economic development. As an important form of investment to improve the human capital of migrant workers, the training of migrant workers has attracted more and more attention. The literature on the training of migrant workers is more focused on descriptive analysis and theoretical analysis. Due to the limitations of the availability of data, only a small number of literature empirical analysis of the effect of migrant workers training, but the results are not consistent. There is no consensus on many issues, so, The research on the effect of migrant workers training still needs to use more reliable and representative data and scientific methods to further study. Through the analysis of the 2007 CHIP data and the 2010 Family Planning Commission data, it is found that, on the whole, Training can increase the average monthly wage of migrant workers by about 6%. The rate of return on training of women is higher than that of men. The training provided by enterprises has a greater impact on the average monthly wages of migrant workers than that provided by society. Job related skills training is more important than job related skills training, and general training has a greater impact on the average monthly wages of migrant workers. The training provided by the registered residence government has a greater impact on the average monthly wages of migrant workers than the training provided by the government outside the domicile. The main policy implication of the above conclusions is that government departments at all levels should pay more attention to the training of migrant workers. Establishing an efficient training system for migrant workers, encouraging enterprises to play the main role in training migrant workers, in order to enhance the skills and productivity of migrant workers to a greater extent.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院、中国收入分配研究院;
【分类号】：G729.2

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