吴玉章与山西万荣农民“识字运动”

发布时间：2018-04-05 02:36

本文选题：万荣　切入点：农民注音识字　出处：《山西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：新中国成立之初,人民翻身当家做主,在大规模社会主义建设开展的过程中,扫除文盲、提高劳动者的素质成为当时一项重要的国策。国家通过简化汉字和制定《汉语拼音方案》来扫除文盲。作为这一共和国历史上亘古未有的教育文化运动领导者的吴玉章,领导、研究、制定了《汉语拼音方案》,并在实践中予以积极指导。1958年,山西省万荣县开展了农民注音识字运动,通过学习《汉语拼音方案》、大量阅读注音读物,提高了扫盲速度、防止了“复盲”和“回生”现象的产生、巩固了扫盲成果,为农民识字运动提供了实践样本。吴玉章敏锐的抓住了万荣县农民识字运动的成功案例,亲自到万荣县进行视察并在全国推广万荣的成功经验。本文对万荣县农民识字运动和吴玉章对这一运动的推动作用作了系统研究。论文共分为四个部分：第一部分从新中国成立初期面临的形势与任务入手,分析了开展农民扫盲运动的背景和急迫性,介绍了国家通过文字改革、尝试通过《汉语拼音方案》来进行扫盲工作的概况。第二部分通过研究山西省万荣县农民识字运动的兴起与开展的史实,总结了万荣农民识字运动的成功经验与特点。第三部分梳理了吴玉章通过为万荣县《万荣拼音报》题写报头,亲自到万荣县听取汇报,与当地识字农民交谈、赛诗、测试等史实,对吴玉章对万荣农民识字运动经验的高度重视与推广进行了研究。第四部分总结了注音识字运动的成效与启示。注音识字运动为注音扫盲提供了样本,它降低了文盲人数,提高了劳动者的素质,对教育的发展起到了重要推动作用,也为当今汉文化推广提供了实践借鉴意义。本文通过查阅大量资料、到当地实地考察、座谈,采取历史分析、现实考察相结合的手段,对这一重大历史事件做了较为全面、准确的研究。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, it became an important national policy to eliminate illiteracy and improve the quality of workers in the process of large-scale socialist construction.The state eliminates illiteracy by simplifying Chinese characters and formulating Chinese phonetic programs.Wu Yuzhang, an unprecedented leader of the educational and cultural movement in the history of the Republic, led, studied, and formulated the Hanyu Pinyin Program, which was actively guided in practice in 1958,In Wanrong County, Shanxi Province, farmers' phonetic literacy campaigns were carried out. By studying the Chinese Pinyin Program, a large number of phonetic readings were read to improve the speed of literacy, to prevent the emergence of the phenomenon of "repetition of blindness" and "reincarnation", and to consolidate the results of literacy.It provides a practical sample for the peasant literacy movement.Wu Yuzhang acutely grasped the successful case of the peasant literacy movement in Wanrong County and personally inspected Wanrong County and popularized the successful experience of Wanrong County.This paper makes a systematic study on the movement of peasant literacy in Wanrong County and the role of Wu Yuzhang in promoting the movement.The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part analyzes the background and urgency of carrying out the peasant literacy campaign from the situation and task faced in the early days of the founding of New China, and introduces the country through the reform of Chinese characters.Try to carry on the general situation of the literacy work through the Chinese phonetic program.The second part summarizes the successful experience and characteristics of Wanrong Peasant Literacy Movement by studying the rise and development of peasant literacy movement in Wanrong County Shanxi Province.The third part combs the historical facts of Wu Yuzhang, by writing a newspaper for Wanrong County's Wanrong Pinyin newspaper, personally listening to reports in Wanrong County, talking with local literate farmers, competing poems, testing and other historical facts.Wu Yuzhang paid great attention to and popularized the experience of Wanrong Peasant Literacy Movement.The fourth part summarizes the effect and enlightenment of phonetic literacy movement.Phonetic literacy provides samples for phonetic literacy, which reduces the number of illiterate people, improves the quality of workers, plays an important role in promoting the development of education, and provides a practical reference for the promotion of Chinese culture today.This paper makes a comprehensive and accurate study on this important historical event by consulting a large amount of data, visiting the local field, discussing, taking the means of combining historical analysis and practical investigation.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G722

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