成人对话教学策略研究

发布时间：2018-10-25 10:45

【摘要】：“对话”作为一种教学方法,早在我国先秦时期孔子以及古希腊时期苏格拉底的教学活动中就已得到运用,但是,随着近现代制度化教育特别是学校班级教育制度的兴起,这种古老的教学方法逐渐被追求规模和效率的“工业化”教育方法所淹没。二次世界大战以来,伴随人类对战争和杀戮的反思,“对话”作为人类相互沟通和理解的重要原则,不仅首先在国际政治交往领域“复活”,而且还逐步渗透到宗教、文化、教育交流等诸多领域。特别是在教育领域,“对话教学”成为了现当代教育的一种重要思潮,在普通教育领域不仅获得了广泛传播,而且得到了深入实践。在一定意义上说,“对话教学”是一种明显具有成人教育特点的教学思想和方法,然而,人们对这种教学方法的历史渊源及其对于成人教育的意义和在成人教学中的应用可能性和前景还缺乏系统、深入研究。本文在综合运用文献法、历史研究法和分析法等方法的基础上,围绕“如何在我国成人教育领域具体应用对话教学”这一基本问题,对“对话教学”的历史渊源、概念发展以及国内外成人教育领域具有典型意义的“对话教学”思想和实践展开了研究。本文的主要内容和基本观点如下：(1)关于对话教学历史渊源的研究。本文认为,对话教学思想最早起源于我国古代孔子的对话教学以及古希腊时期的苏格拉底式教学活动。(2)关于对话教学思想发展的研究。本文认为以色列宗教学家和神学家马丁·布伯和巴西教育家保罗·弗莱雷是现当代对话教学思想的有力提倡者和实践者,他们的思想和实践不仅复活了这一古老的教学方法,而且为其增添了新的时代内涵。(3)关于在成人教育中运用对话教学的必要性和适应性研究。本文从成人教育学和成人心理学的角度,论证了在成人教育领域提倡和应用对话教学不仅必要而且可能。(4)关于在我国成人教学领域提倡对话教学的策略。本文在对我国成人教学的现状和问题考察基础上,并提出了提倡和实践对话教学的基本策略：创设有利于实施对话教学的课堂和学习环境；在对话中生成教学主题；正确选择组织对话教学的形式；进行及时有效的对话教学反馈。
[Abstract]:As a teaching method, "Dialogue" has been used in the teaching activities of Confucius in the pre-Qin period and Socrates in ancient Greece. However, with the rise of modern and modern institutionalized education, especially the school class education system, This ancient teaching method is gradually submerged by the "industrialization" education method which pursues scale and efficiency. Since the second World War, with the reflection of human beings on war and killing, "dialogue", as an important principle of human communication and understanding, has not only "revived" in the field of international political exchanges, but also gradually penetrated into religion and culture. Education exchange and many other fields. Especially in the field of education, "dialogue teaching" has become an important trend of thought in modern and contemporary education, which has not only been widely disseminated in the field of general education, but also has been thoroughly practiced. In a sense, "dialogue teaching" is a kind of teaching thought and method with obvious characteristics of adult education. However, The historical origin of this teaching method, its significance for adult education and the possibility and prospect of its application in adult teaching are not systematically studied. Based on the comprehensive application of literature method, history research method and analysis method, this paper focuses on the basic question of "how to apply dialogue teaching in the field of adult education in China", and discusses the historical origin of dialogue teaching. The concept development and the thought and practice of dialogue teaching, which are typical in the field of adult education at home and abroad, have been studied. The main contents and basic viewpoints of this paper are as follows: (1) the historical origin of dialogue teaching. This paper holds that the thought of dialogue teaching originated from the dialogue teaching of ancient Confucius and the Socrates teaching activity in ancient Greece. (2) the research on the development of dialogue teaching thought. This paper holds that Israeli religious and theologian Martin Buber and Brazilian educator Paul Freire are powerful advocates and practitioners of modern and contemporary dialogue teaching. Their ideas and practices not only resurrect this ancient teaching method. It also adds a new connotation of the times. (3) the necessity and adaptability of dialogue teaching in adult education. From the angle of adult education and adult psychology, this paper demonstrates that it is not only necessary but also possible to promote and apply dialogue teaching in the field of adult education. (4) the strategies of promoting dialogue teaching in the field of adult education in China. Based on the investigation of the present situation and problems of adult teaching in our country, this paper puts forward the basic strategies of advocating and practicing dialogue teaching: creating a classroom and learning environment conducive to the implementation of dialogue teaching, creating teaching themes in dialogue, and developing the basic strategies of dialogue teaching. Correctly choose the form of organizing dialogue teaching, and carry out timely and effective dialogue teaching feedback.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G720

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