美国入户指导形式的家庭早期教养支持项目分析及其借鉴
发布时间：2019-01-06 05:40
【摘要】：家庭早期教养质量对儿童的短期和终身发展都有极其重要的影响,因此应为家庭提供早期教养方面的支持与服务。总结发达国家的实践经验可以发现,"入户指导"是改善家庭教养环境的有效手段。如美国就开发和实施了以发展取向教养理论为指导、以"入户指导"为主要形式的"家庭早期教养支持"项目,其目标人群以弱势群体或有特殊需求的群体为主,服务模式以教养-互动为中心,实施过程中强化互动与回应。此种项目在降低家长的教养压力、提高家长的教养效能感、改善家庭环境创设以及亲子互动质量上效果显著。我国政府有必要根据当前家庭育儿需要,从关注医教结合与早期干预到同时重视父母参与,在合理引入民间资源、发挥政府主导作用的基础上,通过私营机构、非政府组织与政府之间的合作建立和完善以"入户指导"为主要形式的"家庭早期教养支持"项目。
[Abstract]:The quality of early upbringing in the family has an extremely important influence on the development of children in the short and long term, so it is necessary to provide support and services for early upbringing of the family. Summing up the practical experience of developed countries, we can find that "guidance to enter the household" is an effective means to improve the family upbringing environment. For example, the United States has developed and implemented the "early Family upbringing support" program, which is guided by the theory of development-oriented upbringing and "guidance to the household" as the main form, and its target population is mainly vulnerable groups or groups with special needs. Service mode is centered on upbringing-interaction, and strengthens interaction and response in the process of implementation. This project is effective in reducing parental stress, improving parenting efficacy, creating family environment and quality of parent-child interaction. It is necessary for our government to pay attention to the combination of medical education and early intervention to the participation of parents at the same time, on the basis of reasonable introduction of private resources and play a leading role by the government, and through the private sector, according to the current needs of family child-rearing. Cooperation between NGOs and the government to establish and improve the "home guidance" as the main form of "early family upbringing support" project.
【作者单位】： 上海师范大学教育学院;
【基金】：上海市教育科学规划一般项目“发展取向教养理论视野下婴幼儿家长教育的实践研究”(编号:C17053)
【分类号】：G78
，
本文编号：2402415
[Abstract]:The quality of early upbringing in the family has an extremely important influence on the development of children in the short and long term, so it is necessary to provide support and services for early upbringing of the family. Summing up the practical experience of developed countries, we can find that "guidance to enter the household" is an effective means to improve the family upbringing environment. For example, the United States has developed and implemented the "early Family upbringing support" program, which is guided by the theory of development-oriented upbringing and "guidance to the household" as the main form, and its target population is mainly vulnerable groups or groups with special needs. Service mode is centered on upbringing-interaction, and strengthens interaction and response in the process of implementation. This project is effective in reducing parental stress, improving parenting efficacy, creating family environment and quality of parent-child interaction. It is necessary for our government to pay attention to the combination of medical education and early intervention to the participation of parents at the same time, on the basis of reasonable introduction of private resources and play a leading role by the government, and through the private sector, according to the current needs of family child-rearing. Cooperation between NGOs and the government to establish and improve the "home guidance" as the main form of "early family upbringing support" project.
【作者单位】： 上海师范大学教育学院;
【基金】：上海市教育科学规划一般项目“发展取向教养理论视野下婴幼儿家长教育的实践研究”(编号:C17053)
【分类号】：G78
，
本文编号：2402415
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