大学生心理求助及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-02-07 14:28

本文关键词： 心理求助影响因素自我效能　出处：《华中师范大学》2004年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在遇到心理问题时，只有一部分大学生会到专业的心理咨询机构寻求帮助。国外的研究者从人口学变量、个人特质和社会心理三个方面的因素分析了求助者和不求助者的区别，得到了一些比较有价值的结论。各个研究者从不同的角度研究不同的因素对心理求助的影响。这种做法虽然有助于我们从微观层面深入地了解个体不求助的原因。但是，，从宏观层面来看，这些结果显得比较的零散，缺乏系统性和理论上的整合，在实践应用时具有一定的局限性。而且，国外关于大学生心理求助的研究结论并不一定适用于中国的学生。基于这种状况，研究中国大学生的心理求助特点和影响因素，并建构相应的理论模型是必要和可行的。本研究采用问卷调查法，使用翻译的量表和自编的问卷，以武汉市高校的400名学生为被试进行集体施测。首先，分析大学生在面对心理困扰时一般应对方式和求助对象。其次，采用多元回归的方法探索对大学生心理求助有影响作用的预测源。最后，以自我效能为核心整合部分影响心理求助的变量，建立众多变量与心理求助之间的结构方程模型。研究结果表明： 1．在面对心理困扰时，大部分大学生会采取积极的应对方式。但是还有1／4的学生采取消极的应对策略。 2．在面对心理困扰时，如果决定求助，大学生首选的求助对象是朋友，其次是恋人和家人。大学生较少选择的求助对象是心理咨询师和老师。 3．女性比男性表现出更愿意求助的倾向。对于心理咨询，女性表现出比男性更加接受的态度。 4．家庭整体文化氛围越高的个体对心理咨询的接受程度越高。家庭经济条件越差的个体对寻求心理咨询的帮助持有更加否定的态度。 5．影响个体在假设遇到心理困扰情景下求助意愿的变量有：心理健康控制源、对于心理咨询社会成见的担心和心理咨询当事人的自我效能。外控的个体寻求帮助的可能性低于内控的个体。对于社会成见的担心是妨碍个体求豁硕士学位论文 MASTER’5 THESIS 助的重要障碍。个体作为心理咨询当事人的自我效能感越高，他们在未来遇到心理困扰时寻求心理咨询帮助的可能性越大。 6.影响个体真实求助意愿的变量有:心理健康控制源、对于心理咨询社会成见的担心、处理心理问题的自我效能和心理咨询当事人的自我效能、此刻的情绪体验。心理问题控制源这个变量对于假设情景下的求助意愿和此刻真实求助意愿表现出相反的作用。外控的个体此刻求助意愿高于内控的个体，但是在未来求助行为可能性低于内控的个体。这种结果可以从心理健康控制源与此刻情绪状态和处理心理问题的自我效能之间的显著负相关得到部分的解释。可能越倾向于外控的个体处理心理问题的自我效能感越低，他们此刻体验到了更多的负面情绪，有更多的求助需要，所以表现出更高的求助意愿。从另一个角度来分析，可能外控的个体非常愿意求助，但是他们行为的可能性却非常低。这种关系需要进一步的研究。对于社会成见的担心和作为心理咨询当事人的自我效能对于此刻求助意愿的影响与对于假设情景下的求助意愿作用机制相同。 7.结构方程模型分析显示，个体在遇到心理困扰时决定是否寻求心理咨询帮助的决策过程是一个受到各个因素共同影响的过程。这些因素之间存在适度的相关。自我效能是影响心理求助决策过程的重要因素。
[Abstract]:In the face of psychological problems, only a part of college students to the professional psychological counseling agencies for help. The foreign researchers from the demographic variables, three factors of personal characteristics and social psychological differences between the caller and caller, and obtained some valuable conclusions. The influence factors of each from different angles of different psychological help. Although this approach helps us to deeply understand the reason from the micro level of individual help. However, from a macro perspective, these results seem relatively scattered, lack of systematic and theoretical, has certain limitations in the practical application. Moreover, the conclusions of a study of psychological help seeking of college students abroad are not necessarily applicable to China students. Based on this situation, the characteristics and influence factors of College Students' psychological help seeking China, and It is necessary and feasible to construct the corresponding theoretical model.
This study adopts questionnaire survey method, using translation scale and self-designed questionnaire, with 400 students in Colleges and universities in Wuhan as subjects for collective measurement. Firstly, analysis of College Students' psychological distress in the face of the general coping style and recourse. Secondly, using multiple regression to explore predictors of effect on college students the psychological help. Finally, the self efficacy is the core part of the integration effect of the mental variables, establishes the structural equation between many variables and mental model.
The results of the study show that:
1. in the face of psychological distress, most college students take positive coping styles. However, 1 / 4 of the students take negative coping strategies.
2., in the face of psychological distress, if we decide to ask for help, the first choice for college students is friends, followed by lovers and family members. College students who are less likely to choose help are psychological counselors and teachers.
3. women were more inclined to ask for help than men. For psychological counseling, women showed a more acceptable attitude than men.
4., the higher the family's overall cultural atmosphere is, the higher the individual's acceptance of psychological counseling is. The poorer the family economic condition is, the more negative attitude they seek for psychological counseling.
5. the effect of experiencing psychological distress situations on the assumption that the individual variables will help: mental health control, concern with social stigma of counseling and psychological counseling client self-efficacy. External control individuals seeking help than control individuals. The possibility for social concern is for individual prejudices hinder
Huo
Master's degree thesis
MASTER '5 THESIS
An important obstacle to help. The higher the self-efficacy of the individual as a psychological consultant, the more they meet in the future.
The more likely it is to seek psychological counseling for psychological distress.
6. the variables that affect the individual's willingness to ask for help are: the source of mental health control and the psychological consultation Society
The fear of prejudices, the self-efficacy of psychological problems and the self-efficacy of the psychological counselling parties.
The emotional experience of engraved. The source of psychological problem control is the desire for help and the moment under the assumption.
The true desire for help shows the opposite effect. The outside controlled individual is now more willing to ask for help than the individual in the internal control.
But the individual who is less likely to ask for help in the future is less than the internal control. This result can be controlled from mental health.
The significant negative correlation between the source and the emotional state of the moment and the self-efficacy of dealing with the psychological problem is partially
Explanation. The more likely the more individuals with external control are dealing with psychological problems, the lower their self-efficacy, they are at the moment.
Experience more negative emotions and more need for help, so there is a higher willingness to ask for help.
From another point of view, the individuals who may be out of control are very willing to ask for help, but their behavior is possible.
Sex is very low. This relationship needs further research. Concerns about social stereotypes and psychology
The influence of the self-efficacy of the parties on the desire for help at the moment and the help to the hypothetical situation
The mechanism of action is the same.
The 7. structural equation model analysis shows that individuals decide whether to seek psychological counseling when they encounter psychological distress.
The decision-making process of asking for help is a process that is affected by various factors.
Moderate correlation. Self-efficacy is an important factor affecting the decision-making process of psychological help seeking.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：B844.2

【引证文献】