初中生自我意识的发展及其与心理健康的关系

发布时间：2018-03-28 23:09

本文选题：初中生　切入点：自我意识　出处：《广西师范大学》2002年硕士论文

【摘要】： 自我意识是对自己的认识，是对于自己本身和自己与他人以及自己与社会关系的意识。自法国哲学家笛卡尔提出“自我意识”这一概念以来，自我意识问题开始引起很多心理学家的探讨，尽管学者们从不同的角度对自我意识问题进行探究，但对人的自我意识的发展水平如何影响人的行为和活动重视不够。青少年的心理健康是他们走向现代化、走向世界、走向未来、建功立业的重要条件，许多调查结果表明：我国中学生的心理健康状况不容乐观，令人担忧，且心理问题有逐年上升的趋势。心理健康问题是个体因素与情境交互作用的结果，但作为重要的个体内在变量的自我意识是否与心理健康存在着相关、如何对心理健康的发展产生影响，这一方面的研究不多。因此，本论文试图以自我意识处于第二飞跃期的初中生为研究对象，探讨自我意识对初中生心理健康影响的程度及自我意识诸因素对初中生心理健康的不同作用，以便为培养初中生积极的自我意识、促进其心理健康发展提供一些有用的资料。本论文采取量化与质化相结合的方法，选取桂林市两所普通学校的293名初中生为被试。量化研究采取了问卷调查法，以PHSS和SCL—90为调查工具，分类分析讨论了现实条件下初中生自我意识、心理健康发展情况。结果发现： 1．初中生自我意识发展存在年级差异，初中生的自我意识随着年级的增高而不断发展。具体说来，初一到初二发展较快，初二到初三发展速度较为缓慢，初二是自我意识发展的一个重要时期。城市初中生各分量表得分及总分均高于农村学生，存在显著性差异。 2．初中生心理健康存在性别差异，男生比女生有比较明显优势。初中生心理健康存在年级差异，从初一到初二呈上升的趋势，初二到初三有所回落，但仍高于初一。初中二年级是初中生心理问题最多的阶段。 3．自我意识总分及各因子与心理健康的各因子及总分间存在显著的负相关，即学生自我意识发展水平越高，在心理健康量表上的得分越低，心理健康水平越好。回归分析进一步表明，无论是总体心理健康，还是心理健康的各个因素，都可以至少由自我意识的另一个指标来预测。质化研究以深入访谈为主，在量化的基础上，，从两项量表得分中筛选出得分较高的学生和得分较低的学生，从两个学校分别选出六人进行单独的面谈，同时部分家长、老师和密友也作为个别访谈对象。从访谈中发现：家庭对初中生自我意识的发展有着非常重要的影响，学校对初中生自我意识的发展仅次于家庭，同伴也是影响初中生自我意识发展的一个因素。论文最后部分，向广大教育者及家长们提出建议，应以新的高度认识自我意识在心理健康教育中的作用，注意培养学生积极的自我意识，从而促进其心理健康发展。
[Abstract]:Self awareness is the understanding of yourself, for yourself and for yourself and others, and their social relations consciousness. "Since the French philosopher Descartes proposed the concept of self consciousness", self consciousness began to explore the cause many psychologists, scholars to explore the problem of ego consciousness from different angles, but the development level of human self-consciousness, how to influence the behavior and activity of enough people's attention. The mental health of young people is their way to modernization, to the world, into the future, an important condition for example, many survey results show that: China's mental health status of middle school students is not optimistic, worrying, and psychological problems have increased year by year mental health problems. The interaction of individual and situation of the results, but as an important individual variable self consciousness and heart Physical health are related, how to affect the development of mental health, not much research in this aspect. Therefore, this paper attempts to self consciousness in the junior middle school second leap period students as the research object, to explore the self consciousness influence on mental health of junior high school students and self consciousness factors have different effects on mental health junior high school students, so as to cultivate the students positive self consciousness, to provide some useful information to promote the development of mental health.
This thesis adopts the method of combining quantitative and qualitative, selected from two middle schools of Guilin 293 junior middle school students as subjects. The quantitative research adopted questionnaire survey method, using PHSS and SCL 90 as the survey tool, analyses the realistic conditions of junior middle school students' self consciousness, the development of health psychology. Results:
Self consciousness of 1. junior high school students have grade differences in the development of junior high school students' self consciousness and development as the grade increased. Specifically, the first to the second development, second to junior development speed is slow, the second is a very important period for the development of self-consciousness. And the scores were higher than that of the rural junior high school students in the city students, there are significant differences.
2. the mental health of junior high school students there are gender differences, boys have more obvious advantages than girls. The mental health of junior high school students grade differences exist, from the first to the second upward trend, the second to third somewhat lower, but still higher than the first. The second grade junior middle school is the psychological problems of junior high school students in the stage.
There is a significant negative correlation between the 3. self consciousness total score and each factor of mental health of each factor and the total score, namely the development of students' self-consciousness is higher in mental health scores lower mental health level is better. The regression analysis further indicates that both the overall mental health or mental health, all factors can by at least another index of self consciousness to predict.
The qualitative research with in-depth interviews, on the basis of the quantitative scores, from two selected high score students and low score students from two schools were selected six separate interviews, and some parents, teachers and friends as well as interviews. The interviews show that the family has a very important influence on the development of self consciousness of middle school students, School of junior students self consciousness after the family, a factor partner is a junior high school students self consciousness development.
In the last part of the paper, suggestions are put forward to educators and parents. We should recognize the role of self consciousness in mental health education with a new height, and pay attention to cultivating students' positive self-consciousness, so as to promote their mental health development.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：B844.2

【引证文献】