“兼容并包”:在理念与现实之间——以蔡元培为中心的考察

发布时间：2018-06-11 13:26

本文选题：蔡元培 + 兼容并包　；参考：《浙江学刊》2009年05期

【摘要】：蔡元培长期以来一直被视为中国现代倡导和实践"兼容并包"理念的一个最佳典范,蔡元培时期的北大则被人视为实行"兼容并包"办学方针的一个不可企及的范本。本文以蔡元培为中心,从史料出发,在实证研究的基础上,对其兼容并包思想的形成过程作了梳理,对他在担任教育总长与北大校长期间所实施的教育方针及采取的变革措施作了深入全面的分析。文章认为:蔡元培倡导"兼容并包"的价值理念,并以西方近代启蒙思想家所橥的"思想自由之通则"作为包容思想的理论基础,在理论与实践上都具有重要的意义。但从其一生行事来看,他既有兼容并包的一面,也有很不宽容的另一面——这在他作为利益之争的当事者一方时表现得尤其明显。在多元冲突的现代社会背景下,除了思想上的包容和人格上的容人之量以外,还必须建立一种可以容纳、协调和整合彼此之间有着各种矛盾的各个不同利益主体的社会机制,一种更具包容性的制度构架。
[Abstract]:Cai Yuanpei has long been regarded as one of the best models to advocate and practice the concept of "inclusion" in modern China, while Peking University in the Cai Yuanpei period was regarded as an unattainable model for carrying out the "all-inclusive" school policy. Taking Cai Yuanpei as the center and proceeding from historical data and on the basis of empirical research, this paper combs the forming process of its inclusive thought. This paper makes a thorough and comprehensive analysis on the educational policy and the reform measures taken by him during his tenure as chief of education and principal of Peking University. The paper holds that Cai Yuanpei advocates the value concept of "inclusion" and takes "the general principle of freedom of thought" as the theoretical basis of the inclusive thought, which is of great significance both in theory and in practice. But in his lifetime, he had both an inclusive and an intolerant side, especially when he was a party to a conflict of interests. In the context of a modern society with multiple conflicts, in addition to ideological tolerance and personality tolerance, it is also necessary to establish a social mechanism that can accommodate, coordinate and integrate different stakeholders with various contradictions between them. A more inclusive institutional framework.
【作者单位】：浙江省社会科学院;
【基金】：笔者承担的浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目浙江历史文化研究中心课题“多元背景下的包容之道:以蔡元培为中心的考察”(课题编号:07JLYB01)研究成果之一
【分类号】：G529

【参考文献】