小学儿童情绪表达规则认知发展及其与同伴关系、社会行为的关系

发布时间：2018-04-22 23:36

本文选题：情绪 + 表达规则　；参考：《山东师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 儿童情绪表达规则认知作为情绪认知发展的重要内容之一,对儿童社会能力的发展起着重要的作用,因此得到了越来越多的国内外研究者的关注。情绪表达规则认知主要包括情绪表达规则知识、情绪表达规则目标以及情绪表达规则策略。情绪表达规则知识考察的是儿童在交往过程中,内部情绪体验与外部情绪表现之间的差别性;情绪表达规则目标考察的是儿童情绪表达规则目标导向性的发展,包括自我保护目标和社会定向目标两种类型,其中自我保护类型发展水平较低;情绪表达规则策略考察的是儿童在使用情绪表达规则时所用的不同策略的发展特点,包括平静化策略、掩饰策略、弱化策略和夸大策略四种。本研究选取215名一、三、五年级的普通小学儿童,进行了两项研究对儿童情绪表达规则认知的发展特点及其与社会行为、同伴接纳/拒绝的关系进行考察。研究1通过结构访谈的方法考察了不同年龄、性别、情绪情境下儿童情绪表达规则认知的发展特点;研究2在研究1对儿童情绪表达规则认知发展的研究基础上,考察儿童情绪表达规则认知与社会行为、同伴接纳/拒绝的关系。根据上述两项研究,本研究得出以下结论: (1)小学儿童情绪表达规则认知水平随年龄增长而提高,其中8岁组儿童的情绪表达规则知识和情绪表达规则目标的认知发展水平都高于6岁组,10岁组儿童的情绪表达规则知识和社会定向目标的认知发展水平高于8岁组。 (2)女孩的情绪表达规则知识和社会定向目标的认知发展水平高于男孩,男孩的自我保护目标发展水平高于女孩。 (3)消极情绪情境下的情绪表达规则知识的认知发展水平高于积极情绪情境。 (4)儿童使用的情绪表达规则策略最多的是平静化策略,其次是掩饰策略,再次为弱化策略,夸大策略使用次数最少。 (5)与积极情绪情境相比,消极情绪情境下儿童的掩饰策略和夸大策略水平更高;而消极情绪情境下的弱化策略水平低于积极情绪情境下的弱化策略水平。 (6)8岁组儿童的平静化策略、掩饰策略发展水平显著高于6岁组儿童。 (7)女孩的掩饰策略发展水平高于男孩。 (8)具有更高的情绪表达规则知识和情绪表达规则目标水平的儿童表现出较多的社交领导行为和较少的攻击破坏行为。报告出更多社会定向目标的儿童表现出较多的社交领导行为和较少的攻击破坏行为。 (9)具有更高的情绪表达规则知识和情绪表达规则目标水平的儿童更容易被同伴接纳,不容易被同伴拒绝。在情绪表达规则目标中,报告出更多社会定向目标的儿童,其同伴接纳水平更高,同伴拒绝水平较低。 (10)儿童情绪表达规则认知与同伴接纳/拒绝之间的直接作用不显著,社会行为在儿童情绪表达规则认知和同伴关系间起到重要的调节作用。儿童情绪表达规则知识和社会定向目标通过对社交领导行为的影响,进而影响到儿童的同伴接纳水平,儿童情绪表达规则知识和社会定向目标通过对攻击破坏行为的影响,进而影响到儿童的同伴拒绝水平。
[Abstract]:As one of the important contents of the development of emotional cognition, children's emotion expression rules play an important role in the development of children's social ability. Therefore, more and more researchers at home and abroad have been paid attention to. The cognition of emotional expression rules mainly includes the knowledge of emotional expression rules, the objective of emotional expression and the rules of emotion expression. The knowledge of emotional expression rules is the difference between the internal emotional experience and the external emotional expression in the process of communication. The objective of the emotional expression rule is the development of the goal oriented development of the children's emotional expression rules, including two types of self protection and social goals, of which the type of self protection develops water. The strategy of emotional expression rules is a study of the development characteristics of different strategies used by children in the use of emotional expression rules, including four kinds of strategies, such as calm strategy, disguise strategy, weakening strategy and exaggerated strategy.
In this study, 215 primary school children in grade one, three and five were selected to conduct two studies on the development characteristics of children's emotional expression rules and their relationship with social behavior and peer acceptance / refusal. The study examined the rules of emotional expression of children under different age, sex and emotional situation through structural interview. On the basis of the study of the cognitive development of 1 children's emotional expression rules, 2 study on the relationship between cognitive rules of emotion expression and social behavior and peer acceptance / refusal on the basis of research on the development of cognitive development of 1 children's emotional expression rules.
Based on the above two studies, the following conclusions can be drawn:
(1) the cognitive level of emotional expression rules of primary school children increases with age. The cognitive development level of emotional expression rules and emotional expression rules of children in 8 years old is higher than that of the 6 year old group. The cognitive development level of emotional expression knowledge and social orientation of children in 10 year old group is higher than that of the group of 8 years.
(2) girls' cognitive development level of emotional expression rule and social orientation goal is higher than boys', and boys' self-protection goal development level is higher than girls'.
(3) the cognitive development level of emotional expression rule knowledge in negative emotional situations is higher than that in positive emotional situations.
(4) the most important strategy of children's emotional expression rules is the calming strategy, followed by the disguised strategy, the second is the weakening strategy, and the exaggeration strategy is the least used.
(5) compared with the positive emotional situation, the masking strategy and the overstate strategy level of the children are higher in the negative emotional situation, while the weakening strategy level in the negative emotional situation is lower than the weakening strategy level in the positive emotional situation.
(6) the calming strategy of children aged 8 and the development level of masking strategy were significantly higher than those of children aged 6.
(7) the development level of girls' disguise strategy is higher than that of boys.
(8) children with higher emotional expression knowledge and the level of emotional expression rules showed more social leadership behavior and less aggressive behavior. More social oriented children showed more social leadership behavior and less aggressive behavior.
(9) children with higher emotional expression rules and target level of emotional expression are more easily accepted by their peers and are not easily rejected by their peers. In the target of emotional expression, children who report more socially oriented goals are higher in peer acceptance and lower in peer rejection.
(10) the direct role of children's emotional expression rules cognition and peer acceptance / rejection is not significant. Social behavior plays an important regulatory role in children's emotional expression rules cognition and peer relationship. On the other hand, children's emotional expression rule knowledge and social orientation goal influence children's peer rejection level through attacking and disrupting behaviors.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：B844.1

【引证文献】