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《壬戌学制》:中国教育自主意识觉醒之标志

发布时间:2019-02-28 17:18
【摘要】: 《壬戌学制》是近现代中国教育史上的一部重要学制。由于《壬戌学制》产生和推行于中国多种教育思潮相互激荡、转型的时期,因此为后世如何评价该学制留下见仁见智的余地。一直以来,教育界对《壬戌学制》的看法,存在着两种尖锐对立的意见。持否定意见者认为,该学制是“全盘西化”或“宗教侵略”的产物;而持肯定意见者则认为,该学制并非“盲从美制”,是中国教育的“一种主动应对行为”。 笔者认为,从《壬戌学制》的制定来看,,它确实受到美国教育制度和思想的影响,但若从它的基本精神来分析,却不宜视之为盲从美制及其思想的结果。论文结合中国教育自主意识发展、流变的进程,确立了“《壬戌学制》是中国教育自主意识觉醒之标志”的命题。围绕这一命题,论文依据教育现代化理论,并联系中国教育发展的历史,确立了判断中国教育自主意识觉醒的三项标准:第一,此标志必须是以中国的国情民性为依据,对中西方教育理性融通的成果;第二,此标志必须是教育界自主决策的,而不是政治强行干涉的产物;第三,此标志必须是以学生为主体地位的,而不是强化教师主导地位的结果。 论文运用中国教育自主意识觉醒的三项标准,对《壬戌学制》进行了逐一检测,得出结论有三:其一,《壬戌学制》是中国教育由感性拿来转向理性融通的标志;其二,《壬戌学制》是中国教育由政治专制转向教育独立的标志;其三,《壬戌学制》是中国教育由重视教师主导转向重视学生主体的标志。因此,有理由说,“壬戌学制:中国教育自主意识觉醒之标志”的命题是成立的。
[Abstract]:The academic system of Nonxu is an important academic system in the history of education in modern China. Due to the emergence and implementation of the academic system of Non98 in China, there is room for different opinions on how to evaluate the academic system in the future because of the period of interplay and transformation of various educational thoughts in China. For a long time, there are two sharp opposing opinions in the educational circles' view of the school system of Nonxuxu. Those who hold negative opinions hold that the academic system is the product of "total westernization" or "religious aggression", while those who hold positive opinions think that the academic system is not "blind to the American system", but is "a kind of active coping behavior" of Chinese education. The author believes that from the point of view of the establishment of the system of schooling of Non98, it is indeed influenced by the American educational system and ideology, but if it is analyzed from its basic spirit, it should not be regarded as the result of blindly following the aesthetic system and its thoughts. Combining with the development and changing process of Chinese educational autonomy consciousness, the thesis establishes the proposition that "Nonxu School system" is the symbol of awakening of Chinese educational autonomy consciousness. Based on the theory of educational modernization and the history of China's educational development, the thesis establishes three criteria for judging the awakening of China's consciousness of self-determination in education: first, this symbol must be based on the national conditions of China and people. The achievements of rational integration of education between China and the West; Second, this sign must be the result of independent decision-making by the educational circles, not the result of forced political intervention; third, it must be dominated by the students, not the result of strengthening the teacher's dominant position. Using the three standards of awakening the consciousness of self-consciousness of education in China, this paper tests the academic system of Nonxu one by one, and draws three conclusions: first, the system of non98 is the symbol of the shift from perceptual to rational integration of Chinese education; Second, the academic system of Nonxu is the symbol of Chinese education changing from political autocracy to educational independence, and the third, non98 academic system is the symbol of Chinese education changing from teacher-led to student-oriented. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that the proposition of "Nonxu school system: the symbol of the awakening of Chinese educational autonomy" is valid.
【学位授予单位】:华中师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2007
【分类号】:G521

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