我国高等教育布局中的政府行为研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 02:23

本文关键词：我国高等教育布局中的政府行为研究　出处：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国现代意义上的高等教育发展已过百年,不同历史时期的高等教育呈现出不同的特点。诞生于半殖民地半封建社会,它从一开始就承担着救亡图存的社会责任,也承继着学术振兴的百年梦想。现实之中,为了提升高等教育质量和适应社会需要,我们进行了各种各样的改革,这些措施有进步的因素,也有消极的一面,最终形成了目前我国高等教育的布局结构。总体上来说,我国旨在提升高等教育质量的高教改革是积极的,但是由于多方面的原因,走过了不少弯路。改革开放以后,由于集权化色彩依然在高等教育领域比较浓重,高校办学自主权难以真正落实、办学资源不均衡、学科层次性不强、区域布局不合理等问题伴随着我国高教事业的发展。这个时期,市场化似乎为高等教育发展提供了解决思路,它不仅可以大幅度提升高等教育资源供给,同时也可以丰富办学主体的多元化水平,保证大学的多样性。除此之外,民办职业教育也可以作为我国学术型大学的有益补充,为社会发展提供人才支持。我国在大学发展的整个过程中施行了系列布局调整的举措,但是市场化思想在高等教育领域是一把“双刃剑”,加上我国义务教育的普及水平提高和大学盲目扩展,我国的高等教育需求也不断扩大,这样使高教的布局过程显得仓促而缺乏条理。 “十二五”已经步入开局之年,《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)》就明确提出了建设现代大学制度的要求。这是我国高等教育事业发展的又一个历史机遇。面对钱学森之问,如何破解困扰我国高等教育质量不高的谜局是我国高等教育改革的关键。高等教育布局在高教发展过程中所起到的基础性、发展性和全局性的作用尤为关键。分析高等教育中存在的突出问题,诸如办学无特色、自主权难以落实、市场化对学术独立的影响、学科层次不清、办学定位不明等问题,我们可以归结为传统观念、财政投入、政策支持、评估督导四个方面。不管从哪个角度去讲,作为一种准公共产品,高等教育的发展与政府行为密不可分。只有明晰了政府行为的原则,才有可能去对大学和政府的关系作出合理解释,否则空谈高等教育的发展是不现实的。发展总是机遇与挑战并存,要明确政府责任和行为原则,首先要从高等教育布局的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁等方面的分析入手,本文就是基于高等教育布局SWOT分析的基础,按照新公共管理学相关的理论,从服务型政府建设的角度分析得出政府在高等教育布局过程中如何搭建大学发展的平台,合理利用市场化的作用,积极扮演财政和评估者等角色,构建合理高效的高等教育布局结构,以从根本上解决我国高等教育发展的矛盾和问题。
[Abstract]:The development of higher education in the modern sense of our country has passed a hundred years, and the higher education in different historical periods presents different characteristics, which was born in semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. It bears the social responsibility of saving the nation from the beginning and inherits the century-old dream of academic rejuvenation. In reality, in order to improve the quality of higher education and adapt to the needs of society, we have carried out various reforms. These measures have both progressive and negative factors, and finally form the layout structure of our country's higher education. Generally speaking, the reform of higher education aimed at improving the quality of higher education in China is positive, but due to various reasons, it has gone through a lot of detours. After the reform and opening up. As the color of centralization is still very strong in the field of higher education, the autonomy of running a school is difficult to implement, the resources of running a school is not balanced, and the level of discipline is not strong. With the development of higher education in China, the marketization seems to provide a solution for the development of higher education, which not only can greatly improve the supply of higher education resources. At the same time, it can also enrich the diversified level of the main body of running schools and ensure the diversity of universities. In addition, private vocational education can also be a useful supplement to academic universities in China. China has carried out a series of measures of layout adjustment in the whole process of university development, but the market-oriented thinking is a "double-edged sword" in the field of higher education. With the popularization of compulsory education and the blind expansion of universities, the demand for higher education in our country is also expanding, which makes the layout process of higher education appear hasty and unorganized. The 12th Five-Year Plan has entered its first year. (outline of the National medium- and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan 2010-2020). This is another historical opportunity for the development of higher education in China. How to solve the puzzle that puzzles the quality of higher education in China is the key to the reform of higher education in China, and the layout of higher education plays a fundamental role in the development of higher education. Analysis of the outstanding problems in higher education, such as running schools without characteristics, autonomy is difficult to implement, the impact of marketization on academic independence, the level of disciplines is unclear. The problems of unclear orientation of school can be summed up in four aspects: traditional concept, financial input, policy support, evaluation and supervision. No matter from which point of view, as a quasi-public product. The development of higher education is inseparable from government behavior. Only by clarifying the principles of government behavior can we make a reasonable explanation of the relationship between university and government. Otherwise, it is unrealistic to talk about the development of higher education. Development is always the coexistence of opportunities and challenges. In order to clarify government responsibility and behavioral principles, we should first analyze the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats of the layout of higher education. This paper is based on the SWOT analysis of higher education layout, according to the new public management theory. From the point of view of service-oriented government construction, it is concluded that how to set up the platform of university development, make use of the role of marketization, and actively play the role of finance and evaluator in the process of distribution of higher education. In order to solve the contradictions and problems in the development of higher education in China, we should construct a reasonable and efficient layout structure of higher education.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.2

【引证文献】