高校育人目标视阈中的劳动观

发布时间：2018-03-05 22:00

本文选题：高校育人目标　切入点：劳动观念　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高等院校的一切工作都围绕着育人这个核心，因此，高等院校不仅是社会文明的先导、科研发现、技术发明的基地，更是源源不断地为日益发展的社会输送各级各类人才的摇篮。在我国，高等院校的育人目标主要是德智体美四位一体的结构。缺乏“劳”的要素，尽管在我国高等职业院校有学者提出德智体美劳”五位一体”的育人目标结构，，但是也往往局限在狭义的劳动意识和劳动观念的范畴，用以说明和解释大学生在校期间蔑视劳动、忽视劳动的观念和行为，没有揭示广义的劳动意识和劳动观念，即在高等院校系统与社会系统相互作用中，把德智体美定义为育人的内在规定性；“劳”则是体现社会系统对高等院校培养人才的客观需要，也就是适应和满足社会需求的合格的劳动者。因此“劳”是社会需求转换到高等院校育人目标的外在规定性。所以，德智体美劳”五位一体”的高等院校育人目标的结构，具有合理性和科学性。德智体美劳中的“劳”既是劳动观点也是劳动观念，前者是相对于好逸恶劳而言的，后者则是相对时代发展产生的对劳动的总体看法和根本观点。不同的历史时代有不同的劳动观。历史上的劳动观，经历了古代以“贬斥劳动”为特征的劳役观，近代以产业工人为特征的创造物质财富的劳动观，现代以各行各业的劳动者作为保证社会运行的角色为特征的职业劳动观。在高等院校中大学生应当确立现代的职业劳动观，认识到德智体美从根本上源于劳动并随着劳动水平的提高而不断地发展，是建立在劳动基础上，实现人与自然、人与人、人与社会以及人的自我身心和谐的表现。因此，劳动对德智体美具有先在性地位和决定性作用。德智体美劳中的“劳”，要求确立现代劳动意识：（1）劳动是在人与人、人与自然关系中的一种存在方式。具有物质规定性、社会规定性和生态规定性。（2）劳动有职业劳动和非职业劳动，职业劳动有职业技术规范和伦理规范；有酬劳动和无酬的义务劳动，体现不同的社会劳动方式。（3）劳动有适度劳动和过度劳动，健康劳动的标志是身-心生态稳态。（4）确立健康的劳动价值观、权利观和利益观，是实现大学生德智体美健康全面发展的基础和根据。
[Abstract]:All the work of colleges and universities revolves around the core of educating people. Therefore, institutions of higher learning are not only the pioneers of social civilization, but also the bases for scientific research and technological inventions. It is the cradle of all kinds of talents for the increasingly developing society. In our country, the educational goal of colleges and universities is mainly a four-in-one structure of morality, intelligence, body and beauty, and lacks the elements of "labor", although some scholars in higher vocational colleges of our country have put forward the "five-in-one" educational goal structure of virtue, intelligence, physical education, beauty and labor. However, it is often confined to the narrow sense of labor and the concept of labor, which is used to explain and explain the students' contempt of labor and neglect of the concept and behavior of labor during the school period, and does not reveal the broad sense of labor consciousness and concept of labor. That is, in the interaction between institutions of higher learning system and social system, the moral, intellectual, physical and physical beauty is defined as the inherent stipulation of educating people, and "labor" is the embodiment of the objective needs of the social system for the cultivation of talents in colleges and universities. That is, qualified workers who adapt to and meet the needs of the society. Therefore, "labor" is the external stipulation of the transformation of social needs to the educational goals of colleges and universities. Therefore, the structure of the goal of educating people in colleges and universities with the "five-in-one" concept of morality, wisdom, physical integrity, beauty and labor, It is reasonable and scientific. "Labor" in virtue, intelligence, body, beauty and labor is not only a labor viewpoint, but also a labor concept. The former is relative to ease and evil labor. On the other hand, the latter is the general view and fundamental viewpoint of labor produced by the development of the relative times. There are different views on labor in different historical times. The concept of labor in history has experienced the concept of servitude characterized by "repudiation of labor" in ancient times. In modern times, the concept of creating material wealth is characterized by industrial workers, and the view of occupational labor is characterized by the role of workers in various professions as the guarantee of social operation. In colleges and universities, college students should establish the modern concept of vocational labor. Recognizing that the beauty of morality, intelligence, body and body is fundamentally derived from labor and developing continuously with the improvement of the level of labor, is the expression of harmony between man and nature, between man and man, between man and society, and between human body and mind and body and mind on the basis of labor. Labor has the first and decisive role to the moral, intellectual and physical beauty. "Labor" in virtue, intelligence, body, beauty and labor requires the establishment of modern labor consciousness: 1) Labor is a form of existence in the relationship between man and man, man and nature. Social and ecological regulations. (2) Labor has occupational and non-occupational labour, occupational labour has vocational and technical norms and ethical norms, and paid and unpaid voluntary labour, The sign of healthy labor is the steady state of body-mind ecology. 4) establishing healthy labor values, rights and interests. It is the foundation and basis to realize the healthy and comprehensive development of college students' moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G641

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